Importance of studying biology

• Biology is the study of the body and it's environment. It is the science of life.
• Biology includes:

  Studying and examining other animals

  The study of different causative agents such as bacteria and viruses

  Responding to the demands of an increasing human populations

  Study of plants
• Studying and examining other animals: it helps in understanding how these animals survive, respond, and interact with their environment.
• Studying and examining other animals: Biology as a study uses animals such s mice, frogs, and monkeys to serve as specimens for further understanding of the body systems
• The study of different causative agents of diseases: By studying their life processes, reproductive cycles, and reactions to chemicals, you learn ways to fight and prevent the sread of diseases that they cause
• Responding to the demands of an increasing human population: Plants and animals are genetically improved to address the need for increased food production.
• Responding to the demands of an increasing human population: Biology also studies species reproduction and population growth to solve problems involving overpopulation
• Study of plants: Plants are important as they provide basic human needs such as oxygen, food, medicines, and clothing.
• As a result of humanmade and natural calamities, a great part of the environment is being destroyed. Understanding the biological and physical processes that lead to such problems can help preserve these ecosystems
• In a biological point of view, science is a body of systematized information about living things derived from observation and experimentation.
• One of the 2 main approaches in scientific investigations is discovery-based science
• One of the two main approaches in scientific investigations is Hypothesis-Based science.
• Discovery based science- relies mainly on verifiable observations and experiments
• Hypothesis based science involves the use of the scientific method, which is used as a guide by biologists in solving problems.
• Observation is the first step of the scientific method. It involves identifying and clearly defining the problem.
• Hypothesis is the second step of the scientific method. It involves formulating a working explanation or an intelligent guess about the problem.
• Experimentation is the third step of the scientific method. It involves conducting conrolled attempts to test one or more hypotheses. This also includes recording and analyzing results.
• Conclusion is the fourth and final step of the scientific method. It involves formulating a generalization about the results that may accept, reject, or modify the hypothesis.
• Given is the example of observation. 'Farmers who were previously infected with cowpox disease rarely contracted the deadly smallpox disease. Jenner identified the problem--how to control the deadly smallpox disease. Because of his observation, e formulated an intelligent guess that could explain the problem.'
• Given is the example of Hypothesis. 'Cowpox exposure could give protection to persons from catching smallpox. Jenner was aware that both diseases were caused by biological agents, now known as viruses, which were found on the skin sores of patients. With this in mind, he designed and performed an experiment to validate his working explanation.'
• Given is the example of Experimentation. 'Jenner extracted some pus from a cowpox sore of a patient and inoculated it into the arm of a healthy boy. This resulted in the development of cowpox sore after several days. After six weeks, he inoculated the boy with pus from a smallpox sore, but the boy did not develop smallpox disease. The experiment was repeated several times using different patients and the same results were noted. Jenner then made a generalization to accept his hypothesis.
• Given is the example of Conclusion. 'Jenner generalized that the transfer of pus from a cowpox sore renders immunity against smallpox infection.'