Compounds [CHEMISTRY]

• Types of Chemical Bonds

  • Metallic bond
  • Covalent bond
  • Ionic bond
  • Coordinate Covalent bond
• Metallic bond

  This is a type of chemical bond that forms among metallic substances and is a direct consequence of attractive electrostatic forces between the negatively charged sea of delocalized electrons and the positively charged metal ions. In solid metals, individual metal atoms are so close to one another that the electron cloud of one metal atom overlaps with its neighboring metal atom. This creates the “sea of delocalized electrons.” In other words, the electrons are free to wander within the crystal structure.

  
• Covalent bond

  A covalent bond is a type of chemical bond wherein the electrons involved in bond formation are shared by the two atoms bonded with one another. As you know, a covalent bond is designated by a “dash” connecting one atom to another. Each covalent bond is composed of two electrons, and each atom being bonded covalently contributes one electron to that bond. A covalent bond can be a single (ex: F2), double (ex: O2), or even triple (ex: N2) bond

  
• Ionic bond

  An ionic bond involves the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms. This bond usually occurs between a metal and a nonmetal. The transfer of electrons is made possible because metals tend to lose their valence electron(s) to become a positively-charged cation. In contrast, the nonmetals tend to gain the electron(s) lost by the cations to become a negatively-charged anion. In writing ionic compounds, both ions are enclosed inside a square bracket, with their charge and numerical coefficient (if there is any) written outside the bracket