Science - Grade 9

• Qualitative observations


  Describe the nature of matter without measurement (no numbers or units). Ex. Colour, shape, clarity
• Quantitative observations


  Describe the nature of matter using measurements (numbers and units) ex. Length, mass, density
• Qualitative observations


  • The ball is red.
  • The ball is round.
• Quantitative observations


  • The diameter of the ball is 25 cm.
  • The ball bounces 1.5 m high.
• Metric prefixes


  • kilo
  • hecto
  • deca
  • deci
  • centi
  • milli
• Metric units


  • meter
  • gram
  • litre
• Beaker tongs

  To pick up and hold a beaker
• Graduated cylinder

  Measures a precise volume of a liquid
• Overflow can


  Used to help measure the volume of an irregular shaped object
• Erlenmeyer flask


  To hold liquids
• Test tube and test tube tongs


  To hold liquids and pick up test tubes
• Beaker


  Supports or holds substances in order to complete an experiment
• Texture


  Describes how the surface of a substance feels
• Lustre


  The ability of a substance to reflect light or shine
• Malleability


  The ability of a substance to be bent and shaped by hammering without breaking
• Ductility


  The ability of a substance to be stretched without tearing
• Viscosity


  The measure of a substance's resistance to flow
• Density


  The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume that it occupies
• There are 18 groups and 7 periods on the periodic table
• Group names


  • Group 1 - Alkali Metals
  • Group 2 - Alkaline Earth Metals
  • Group 17 - Halogens
  • Group 18 - The Noble Gases
• Group 1 - Alkali Metals


  • Extremely reactive elements
• Group 2 - Alkaline Earth Metals

  • Burn bright colours
• Group 17 - Halogens


  • Highly corrosive
• Group 18 - The Noble Gases


  • Extremely non reactive
• Classification of matter


  • Element
  • Compound
  • Homogeneous Mixture
  • Heterogeneous Mixture
• Element

  • Aluminum
• Compound

  • Baking soda
• Homogeneous mixture

  • Coffee
• Heterogeneous mixture

  • Crunchy peanut butter
• Properties of metals

  • Shiny
  • Malleable
  • Ductile
  • Good conductors of heat and electricity
• Properties of non-metals

  • Dull
  • Brittle
  • Includes gases
  • Poor conductors of heat and electricity
• Nitrogen symbol is N, not Ni
• Potassium symbol is K, not P
• Sodium symbol is Na, not S
• Fluorine symbol is F
• Neon symbol is Ne, not N
• Calcium symbol is Ca