Abdominal Wall, Inguinal Region

• Boundaries of the anterolateral abdominal wall?

  From: Costal cartilage of ribs 7-10 and xiphoid process

  To: Inguinal ligament, ASIS, and pubic tubercle
• Transumbilical plane passes through?

  the umbilicus and intervertebral disc of L3-L4
• Gut Pains

  Foregut pain - Epigastric

  Midgut pain - Umbilical

  Hindgut pain - Hypogastric
• Order of the layers of the anterior ab wall?

  • Skin

  • Subcutaneous fascia layers

  • Three overlapping muscular sheets with aponeurotic

  tendinous fascia

  • Transversalis fascia

  • Peritoneum
• Scarpa's Fascia fuses with?

  fascia lata of the thigh
• Camper's Fascia

  •Adipose(fatty) layer coursing with cutaneous nerves and blood

  vessels
• Scarpa's Fascia continues to?

  Continues to perineal region = Colles facia
• Potential space is between?

  Membranous Scarpa’s fascia

  &

  Aponeurosis of external oblique
• Fluid accumulating in potential space?

  ruptured urethra
• Internal thoracic artery branches into?

  superior epigastric & musculophrenic arteries
• Aorta branches into? 


  subcostal & lumbar arteries
• External iliac artery branches into?

  inferior epigastric arteries
• Entrapment of the anterior cutaneous nerve can cause?

  Chronic abdominal wall pain
• Carnett's Sign

  Positive Carnett’s sign = abdominal wall

  / somatic pain, painful to palpation

  Negative Carnett’s sign = abdominal

  viscera / visceral pain
• Lateral cutaneous branches off of which nerve?

  Posterior intercostal nerve
• Anterior cutaneous nerve branches off of?

  anterior intercostal nerve
• Intercostal nerves are between which muscles?

  internal and innermost intercostal muscles
• Entrance to the inguinal canal?

  deep inguinal ring
• Exit to the inguinal canal?

  superficial inguinal ring
• External abdominal oblique aponeurosis becomes?

  external spermatic fascia
• Internal oblique muscle becomes?

  cremaster muscle
• Transversus abdominis muscle becomes?

  No contribution to spermatic cord
• Transversalis Fascia becomes?

  Internal spermatic fascia
• Median fold contains?


  Allantois, or remnant of bladder connection to mom
• Medial fold contains?


  Umbilical artery, remnant of umbilical vessel
• Lateral fold contains? 


  inferior epigastric artery
• Difference between direct and indirect inguinal hernia?

  Direct inguinal hernia does not pass through inguinal ring to the scrotum
• Suprevesical fossa

  -between the median and medial umbilical folds

  Site of supravesical hernias (rare)
• Median inguinal fossa

  -between the medial and lateral umbilical folds

  Site of direct inguinal hernias
• Lateral inguinal fossa

  -lateral to the lateral umbilical folds

  Site of indirect inguinal hernias
• Serous membrane of the abdominopelvic cavity?

  Peritoneum
• Parietal Peritoneum

  lines the inner surface of the cavity

  • Responds to general sensory stimuli - touch,

  temperature and pain
• Visceral Peritoneum


  attached to the abdominal

  viscera

  • Responds to stretch
• Intraperitoneal organs are suspended by?

  Mesentary in peritoneal cavity
• Retroperitoneal, exztraperitoneal and sub peritoneal organs are?

  external to the parietal peritoneum
• Double layer of peritoneum is?

  Mesentery, passageway for nerves and vessels
• Double fold of peritoenum?

  Omentum, greater and lesser
• Sac like cavity posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum?

  Omental bursa, allows for free movement of the stomach
• Accumulation of peritoneal fluid?

  Ascites
• Innervation of peritoneums

  Parietal peritoneum - innervation and

  blood supply matches the abdominal wall

  Visceral peritoneum - innervation and

  blood supply matches the underlying organs