EKG

• Aorta


  The largest artery in the body
• Superior Vena Cava


  The largest vein in the body (deoxygenated blood)
• Heart


  Broken into four chambers
• Endocardium


  The innermost layer of the heart
• Myocardium 


  The middle layer of the heart (this is the thickest and is responsible for contraction of the heart)

  AKA: the muscle layer
• Systematic circulation 


  The transportation of oxygenated blood throughout the body by the aorta
• Pulmonary circulation


  The transportation of blood through and from the lungs
• Coronary Circulation


  The transportation of oxygenated blood from the heart to the heart
• Systolic blood pressure (the top number of BP)

  the blood pressure measured when the left ventricle of the heart contracts
• Diastolic blood pressure (bottom number of BP)

  The blood pressure measured when the heart relaxes (when the heart is relaxing the heart is refilling with blood)
• Hypertension


  High blood pressure
• Hypotension


  Low blood pressure
• Myocardium infarction 


  Heart attack (AKA MI)
• Artery


  Transports oxygenated blood away from the heart
• Arterials 


  smaller arteries
• Veins


  Transports deoxygenated blood towards the heart
• Venules 


  Smaller veins
• Capillaries


  Transports both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood (the walls are so thin that oxygen can move in and out of the vessels)
• Pulmonary Artery


  Transports deoxygenated blood
• Normal heart rate and average heart rate

  60-100 bpm, average heart rate is 72 bpm
• Bradycardia 


  A heart rate less than 60 bpm
• Tachycardia


  A heart rate above 100 bpm
• Pericardium 


  -A two layer sac or membrane that protects the heart from viruses, bacteria, friction, and impact

  -It is attached to the spinal cord

  -there is approximate half oz of parietal fluid between the two layers
• The purpose of a valve


  To prevent back flow of blood during transportation
• What does P Q R S T represent or read?


  P- represents the atrium contractions/ independent wave

  QRS- represents the ventricles

  T- represents heart resetting/ depolarization

  
• Right Atrium


  Right upper chamber of the heart which receives blood from the body
• Left Atrium


  Left upper chamber of the heart which receives blood from the lungs
• Right Ventricle


  The right lower chamber of the heart which pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
• Left Ventricle 


  The left lower chamber of the heart which pumps oxygenated blood through the body; it is the biggest, strongest, most muscular chamber of the heart (AKA the workhorse)
• Inter ventricular septum


  A partition or wall that divides the right and left ventricles
• Tricuspid valve 


  Valve located between R/A and R/V prevents back flow of blood into R/A
• Bicuspid valve (mitral valve) 


  Valve with two leaflets located between the L/A and L/V prevents back flow of blood to the L/A
• Aortic semilunar valve


  Valve located in the aorta that prevents the back flow of blood into L/V
• Pulmonary semilunar valve


  valve found in the pulmonary artery that prevents back flow of blood into the R/V
• Pulmonary Artery 


  Large artery that transports deoxygenated blood from the R/V to the lungs; this is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood
• Pulmonary veins 


  transport oxygenated back into the L/A of the heart; these are the only veins in the body that carry oxygenated blood
• Pulmonary circulation


  the transportation of blood to and from the lungs
• Dysrhythmia 


  The inability for a heart to maintain a regular heart rhythm
• Automaticity 


  The ability of the heart to initiate an electrical impulse without being stimulated by another or independent source
• Conductivity 


  The ability of the heat cells to receive and transmit an electrical impulse