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physics 2
Forces
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Created by
Milena Ticinska
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Cards (164)
Force
A push or pull that acts on an object due to its
interaction
with another object
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Newtons
The unit used to measure
force
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Forces
Have both
magnitude
(measured in newtons) and
direction
(e.g. to the right)
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Vector quantities
Quantities that have both
magnitude
and
direction
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Types of forces
Contact
forces
Non-contact
forces
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Contact forces
Require the two objects to be
physically
touching
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Normal contact force
Also known as the
reaction force
, it is the equal and opposite force exerted by a
surface
to keep an object in position
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Non-contact
forces
Do not require the two objects to be
touching
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Types of non-contact forces
Gravitational
force
Magnetic
force
Electrostatic
force
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Fields of influence
The surrounding area where
non-contact
forces can act on
objects
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As the distance between objects
increases
The strength of
non-contact
forces
decreases
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Scalar
quantities
Physical quantities that only have a
magnitude
but
no
direction
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Magnitude
Size
, can be measured with a
numerical
value
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Scalar quantities
Speed
Distance
Mass
Temperature
Time
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Vector
quantities
Physical quantities that have both a
magnitude
and a
direction
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Vector quantities
Velocity
Displacement
Acceleration
Force
Momentum
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Representing vectors
1. Use
arrows
2.
Length
of arrow indicates
magnitude
3.
Direction
arrow is pointing indicates
direction
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Distance doesn't give any idea of
direction
, which is why it's a
scalar
quantity
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Displacement has both a
magnitude
and a direction, which is why it's a
vector
quantity
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Free body diagrams
Simple diagrams that show all the
forces
that are acting on a particular
object
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Drawing free body diagrams
1. Add
force
arrows to represent all the forces acting on an object
2. Each force arrow has a
magnitude
and
direction
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Forces are
vectors
, so they have both magnitude and
direction
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Some forces will
cancel
each other out
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Resultant force
The
overall
force on an object after taking into account all the
individual
forces
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Calculating the resultant force
1. Look at the
horizontal
and
vertical
components separately
2. Calculate the
overall
size and
direction
of the resultant force in each case
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Calculating the resultant force
Vertical
component: 80,000N up - 80,000N down = 0N resultant
Horizontal
component: 120,000N right - 90,000N left = 30,000N resultant to the
right
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If air resistance is
120,000N
Horizontal
resultant force is 0N, object is in
equilibrium
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Scale drawing
A drawing where the size of objects is
proportional
to their
actual
size
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Finding resultant force on an object using scale drawings
1. Represent forces as
arrows
2. Place arrows tip to
tail
3. Draw line from
start
to end
4. Measure
length
of line
5. Convert
length
to force using
scale
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Forces on a cyclist
4
newtons
northwards
3
newtons
eastwards
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Resultant force
Magnitude
and
direction
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Resultant force is
5
newtons at
37
degrees from north
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Forces
balance
Object is at
equilibrium
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Resolving vectors
1. Draw
horizontal
and
vertical
components
2. Measure
lengths
of components
3. Convert
lengths
to forces using
scale
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Resolving
50
newton force on toy car up ramp
40
newtons to the right
30
newtons upwards
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Different types of
elasticity
1. Explain
2. Explain spring constant
3. Explain Hooke's law
4. Look at
force extension graphs
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Applying a force to an object
Can cause it to
compress
,
stretch
or bend
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Easiest
to see with a spring, but same
concept
applies to other objects like a ball or a phone</b>
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Other objects are less
elastic
, so harder to notice changes in
shape
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To stay still, need to apply
more than one force
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See all 164 cards
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