1.14 Design Communications

• What the 3 stages of writing a design report

  1.Executive Summary

  2.Introduction

  3.Conclusion
• What does the introduction of a design report consist of

  Summary of the design

  Reasons behid deisgn

  Summary of how effective it is
• What does the introduction of a design report consist of

  Describes design problem being tackled, background details(context, client, possible customers)

  Alternative design ideas and selection process
• What does the conclusion of a design report consist of

  Describes selected design

  Problems encountered and how they were overcome

  Evaluates how well the design work in comparison to OG criteria

  How design was tested
• What are the two main important things to remember when writing a technical report

  Clear english

  Correct technical termonology
• What things may be included in a report

  Graphs

  Tables of data

  Charts
• What is the downside of using pictograms

  Not very accurate
• What does a histogram show

  Shows the frequency distribution of data

  (useful in representing results of research)
• What does a line graph/chart show

  Data changes over time
• What are the benefits of using a line graph/chart

  Easy to understand

  Accurate as its plotted against a scale
• What does a pie chart show


  Distribution of data represented by segments of a circle (size of segment proportional to data)
• What are the benefits of using a pie chart


  Easy to read

  Easy to understand
• What would a 2D drawing be used for

  Quickly sketch design ideas

  Produce more technical drawings to aid the manufacturer
• What are the 2 main types of 2D drawing

  Orthographic projection

  Sectional drawing
• What are orthographic projections used to draw

  Front, plan and end elevations of a object or building
• Why should the orthographic prjections be drawn in a standardised way

  To be understood by engineers and manufacturers worldwide
• In what ways can an orthographic projection be standardised

  Postition of elevations relative to each other

  How the object is dimentioned/drawn to scale

  Line type used
• What is a sectional drawing used for

  To show hidden, internal details of an object
• What are the 4 main types of 3D drawings

  Isometric

  One- point perspective (1PP)

  Two-point perspective (2PP)

  Thick/thin line technique
• How can isometric drawings be drawn


  Freehand

  Crating technique
• Who commonly uses one-point perspective drawing in their careers

  Architects

  Interior designers
• What are the advantages of using one-point perspective

  Gives the drawing realism and depth+

  Designs can be viewed from different angles(this is determined by whether the drawing is started above or below the horizontal line or to one side or the other of the vanishing point)
• How is one-point perspective drawn

  One vanishing point in the lower centre of the page

  Objects drawn in the foreground are larger

  Objects drawn closer to the vanishing point are smaller

  (Can be constructed with 'crating')
• What is two-point perspective used for


  To draw design ideas

  Int he creative of "artist impressions"

  Presentation drawings
• What is a positive of two-point perspective


  To exxagerate the 3D effect of the drawing
• What is the thick/thin line technique used for

  To make 3D drawings stand out
• What is mixed-media drawing

  Drawings done by pencil, marker pen, watercolour and fine line pen
• What is the purpose of each drawing item in mixed media drawing

  Watercoulor =cover large aras quickly

  Pencil/fine line= pick out detail
• What is texture rendering


  Textures drawn with the use of fine line pen
• What are some easier examples of textured rendering

  Wood grain

  Cross hatching

  Stippling