Abdominal Viscera blood supply, venous return

• Fundus


  can dilate by food, gas or fluid; lies posterior to left 6th rib
• Pyloric region

  Funnel shaped outflow = antrum and narrow canal

  Pylorus - the gatekeeper
• Cardial Orifice


  opening into the stomach;

  posterior to 6th left costal cartilage
• Pylorus is made of?

  smooth muscle
• gastric folds (rugal folds) 


  Folds of the mucosal layer that run longitudinally
• Lesions of the mucosal layer?

  gastric ulcers
• Lesiosn of the pyloric canal or duodenum?

  peptic ulcers
• superior mesenteric artery

  blood supply to Jejunum, ileum, ascending & transverse colon
• Anastomoses with right gastric a.

  Supplies esophagus and stomach?

  Left gastric artery
• splenic artery


  Early branches supply stomach, later branches supply spleen

  Travels along superior border of pancreas

  Supplies pancreas, spleen and stomach
• 4 structures that drain into the duodenum?

  stomach, gall bladder, liver, pancreas
• Portal triad?


  proper hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein, common hepatic artery
• Gastric and Peptic Ulcers are caused by?

  Helicobacter pylori infections
• Anterior (left) and posterior (right) vagal trunks are part of what nervous system?

  Parasympathetic, rest and digest
• T5-T9 cord segments, Greater splanchnic nerve, & Celiac ganglia are part of what system?

  sympathetic
• Parasympathetic individual branches to?

  liver, gall bladder, and stomach
• Posterior parasympathetic trunk sends a branch to?

  celiac plexus
• Muscularis externa is made up of?

  longitudinal and circular layer of the duodenum
• Most of the jejunum is located in the? (quadrants)

  LUQ
• Most of ileum is located in?

  RLQ
• Meckel’s Diverticulum


  Also known as ileal diverticulum, congenital anomaly
• Structures that make up the large intestine?

  Cecum

  Ascending colon

  Transverse colon

  Descending colon

  Sigmoid colon

  Rectum
• Longitudinal bands of smooth muscle that run the length of the large intestine?

  Teniae coli
• Sacculations of the wall of the colon?

  Haustra
• This artery is a branch of the abdominal aorta at L1, and has branches that form arterial arcades and vasa recta?

  Superior Mesenteric Artery
• Branches that form loops are called?

  arterial arcades
• Branches of the loops are called?

  vasa recta
• Branches of superior mesenteric artery that go to the intestine?

  Middle colic artery

  Right colic artery

  Ileocolic artery
• What are the inferior mesenteric artery branches that run to the instestine?

  Left colic artery, sigmoid arteries, superior rectal artery
• Supplies the transverse colon?

  middle colic artery
• Supplies the ascending colon and right colic flexure?

  Right colic artery
• Supplies the cecum, ascending colon and appendix?

  Ileocolic artery
• 2 arteries that supply the descending and sigmoid colon?

  Left colic artery, sigmoid arteries
• starts in tail and unites with bile duct

  to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla (Ampulla of Vater)?

  main pancreatic duct
• Anterior portion of pancreas is covered with?

  peritoneum
• The _ is attached to the descending and horizontal duodenum

  head of pancreas
• Most blood supply to the pancreas comes from branches of the?

  splenic artery
• Most frequently injured organ in abdomen?

  spleen
• Spleen (clinically)

  Not usually able to palpate unless enlarged

  Rupture results in internal bleeding and the spleen

  is usually removed
• Organ that is well protected by ribs 9 & 11?

  Spleen