topic 7A

• Gene: A section of bases on a DNA molecule that codes for a specific protein which results in a characteristic
• where is the allele of a gene found?

  Chromosome - locus
• Genotype: the genetic constitution of an individual organism/ the different alleles an organism has
• Phenotype: the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
• Autosome: any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
• autosome genes are linked since they do not separate during independent segregation in meiosis 1, alleles passed onto offspring together
• Epistasis: Allele of one gene masks the expression of the alleles of another gene
• chi squared test - used to test the significance of differences between two sets of data - is the circumstance due to chance, to compare the observed and expected results