Test

• What causes osteoporosis?


  Osteoclast and Osteoblast
• Name the canals that, in dense bone, are the communication from the outside of the bone to its interior central canals.

  Volkmann's (perforating) canals
• Which of the following statements regarding bone formation, growth, and remodeling is TRUE?

  a.) When blood calcium levels drop below homeostatic levels, the parathyroid glands release PTH, a hormone that activates osteoclasts in bones

  b.) Except for flat bones that form on fibrous membranes, most bones develop using hyaline cartilage structures as their "models"

  c.) Bones are remodeled continually in response to changes in blood calcium levels and the pull of gravity and muscles on the skeleton

  d.) All of the above

  All of the above
• Which of the following bones is NOT a part of the axial skeleton?

  Clavicle
• Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

  Breakdown of proteins into amino acids
• In an osteon, bone cells are arranged in concentric circles around longitudinal tubes called _______.


  Haversian canalsSee an expert-written answer!We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
• Which structure is contained within the lacuna of living bone?

  Osteocyte
• The cell type that is responsible for basic bone formation is the _______________

  Osteoblast
• From superior to inferior, what is the correct order of the vertebrae?

  Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar
• The femur, tibia, humerus, and radius are all classified as

  long bones
• What type of tissue covers the epiphysis of bones and reduces friction in the joints?

  Articular cartilageSee an expert-written answer!We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
• In adults, the function of the yellow marrow is to:

  Store adipose tissue
• The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that

  bone length is increasing
• What does collagen contribute as a component after?

  Flexibility
• A fracture in the ________ can impair the lengthwise growth of bones in a child.

  Epiphyseal plate
• Which of these bones is the most inferior?

  Coccyx
• The proximal epiphysis is represented by _______________

  Label B

  
• From the above diagram

  The periosteum, a connective tissue covering the diaphysis is represented by


  Label F

  
• From the above diagram,

  The area that serves as a storage area for fat (adipose tissue) in adults is indicated by ___________


  Label H

  
• The area that contains glassy hyaline cartilage that provides a smooth slippery surface which decreases friction is indicated by ________.


  Label D

  
• How does the formation of a bony callus assist with the process of bone healing after a fracture?

  The bony callus is made of spongy bone, which replaces the fibrocartilage callus
• Two or more bones meet at a location called a(n) ________.

  Articulation
• There are four stages in the healing of a bone fracture. Which of the following best illustrates the sequence of these stages?

  1.) bony callus formation

  2.) bone remodeling

  3.) fibrocartilage callus formation

  4.) hematoma formation

  4, 3, 1, 2
• A bone fracture that results in the bone being broken into many fragments is a ________.

  Comminuted Fracture
• T/F: Broken bones do not bleed since bone tissue is avascular.

  False
• T/F: Two basic types of bone tissue are compact bone and smooth bone

  False