Science Chemistry Assessment

• Pure substance


  A single substance made of only one type of particle
• Impurities


  Change the temperature at which a substance melts and boils
• Mixture


  A substance that consists of other substances which have been stirred or shaken together
• Homogenous mixture


  • A gaseous, liquid or solid mixture that has the same proportions of its components throughout a given sample
• Heterogenous mixture


  • A mixture where throughout the solution the composition is not uniform
• Kinetic energy


  The energy an object has because of its motion
• Melting point


  The point at which materials changes from a solid to a liquid
• Boiling point


  The temperature at which the pressure exerted by the surroundings upon a liquid is equaled by the pressure exerted by the vapour of the liquid
• Solution


  Any tool or software that aims to address a single use case or challenge that exists within a business
• Solute


  A substance that is dissolved in a solution
• Solvent


  Able to dissolve other substances
• Soluble


  Susceptible of being dissolved in or as if in a liquid and especially water
• Insoluble


  Incapable of being dissolved in a liquid and especially water
• Concentrated


  Present in a high proportion relative to other substances; having had water or other diluting agent removed or reduced
• Dilute


  Make (a liquid) thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent to it
• Suspension


  • A heterogeneous mixture in which the solid particles are spread throughout the liquid without dissolving in it
• Sediment


  The heavier insoluble solid particles that settle down at the bottom of the container
• Filtrate


  The clear liquid obtained after the process of filtration
• Residue


  Whatever remains or acts as a contaminant after a given class of event
• Density


  The relationship between the mass of the substance and how much space it takes up (volume)
• Crystallisation


  The process of atoms or molecules arranging into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice in order to minimize their energetic state
• Distillation


  A process of purifying a liquid compound by heating it into a vapor that is then condensed back into a liquid
• Chromatography


  An important biophysical technique that enables the separation, identification, and purification of the components of a mixture for qualitative and quantitative analysis
• Mixture


  A combination of two or more substances where each substance retains its chemical properties and can be separated by physical means
• Lab report skills


  • Identifying variables
  • Writing aims/hypothesis
  • Interpreting data
• Identifying variables


  Determine the independent (manipulated), dependent (responding), and controlled (constant) variables
• Writing aims/hypothesis


  Clearly state what you intend to investigate and predict the outcome based on prior knowledge
• Interpreting data


  Analyze the results to draw conclusions and relate them back to your hypothesis
• Separation Techniques for mixtures

  • Boiling point
  • Particle size
  • Density
  • Magnetism
  • Solubility
• Boiling point


  Distillation separates substances based on different boiling points
• Particle size


  Filtration separates solids from liquids or gases based on particle size
• Density


  Centrifugation or decanting separates substances based on density differences
• Magnetism


  Magnetic separation uses a magnet to remove magnetic materials from non-magnetic ones
• Solubility


  Chromatography separates substances based on their different solubilities in a particular solvent