𝑊𝑒𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟

• Relief rainfall


  1. Warm air from the Atlantic ocean rises over mountains

  2. Air reaches the clouds and condenses

  3. Air descends and warms after passing over the mountain
• Convectional rainfall


  1. Sun heats water causing it to evaporate

  2. Warm air rises and condenses to form cumulonimbus clouds

  3. Clouds bring heavy rain and storms
• Frontal rainfall


  1. Warm front meets a cold front

  2. Warm air rises

  3. Clouds form and bring heavy rain
• North Atlantic drift


  Ocean current that brings warmer air to the west of the country
• Prevailing wind


  The direction of the wind most of the time
• In the UK, the prevailing wind is from the south west bringing warm, moist air and rain
• Climate


  The average weather conditions over a period of time, usually measured over a year. This includes temperature and rainfall.
• Weather


  The day-to-day conditions of the atmosphere. This includes temperature, rainfall, cloud cover and wind.
• Latitude


  • How close to the equator
  • The closer to the equator, the warmer it is as the Earth's curved surface means the sun only has to heat a smaller area
• Altitude


  • Height above sea level
  • Temperature drops by 1°C for every 100m increase in altitude
• How we measure weather

  • Thermometer (maximum/minimum) - measures temperature
  • Barometer - measures air pressure
  • Campbell Stokes sunshine recorder - measures hours of sunlight
  • Anemometer - measures wind speed
  • Wind vanes - measure wind direction
• Low pressure


  Where air is rising, forming clouds, rain and windy conditions. The lower the pressure, the stormier the weather will be.
• High pressure


  Where air is sinking, causing very few clouds. High pressure during summer brings clear skies, high temperatures and sunshine.
• Air pressure


  The weight of air pressing down on the Earth
• Positive impacts of weather

  Vitamin D from sunshine, increased tourism
• Negative impacts of weather

  Excessive flooding, drought can bring famine, cold weather can cause events to be cancelled
• How clouds are formed

  Warm, moist air rises and condenses as water vapour cools to form water droplets that stick to dust particles in the air
• Relief rainfall

  
• Conventional rainfall

  
• Frontal rainfall

  
• Cumulus clouds

  
• Stratus cloud

  
• Cirrus clouds