Mod 16

• Metaphoric criticism


  Looks at rhetorical artifacts through the use of metaphor
• Metaphoric criticism is not a unified method
• Metaphors


  Are primarily a conceptual construction and are central to the development of thought
• Non-metaphorical thought are possible when we talk about purely physical reality
• Metaphor structures the way we think and act
• Role of metaphors in socio-political lives


  An individual's experience and attitude towards socio-political issues is influenced by being framed in linguistic constructions
• Image schema


  Regularly recurring embodied patterns of experience that are acquired during the course of early child development
• Kenneth Burke: 'Metaphor allows humans not only to construct the world in which they live, but also to construct the purpose within that world'
• I.A. Richards


  The old form of rhetoric study was too much about arguments and conflicts. Rhetoric should be a study of the meaning of parts of discourse
• Words


  Are arbitrary symbols that take the meaning from the context
• Metaphor


  The use of one reference to a group of things that are related in a particular way in order to discover a similar relation in another group
• Tenor


  The concept, object, or person meant
• Vehicle


  The image that carries the weight of the comparison
• Four major steps for metaphoric criticism in Rhetorical Criticism (1995)

  1. Read entire artifact in context

  2. Isolate all metaphors

  3. Sort, then code clusters of metaphor

  4. Analyze clusters