AO1

• The cognitive approach studies internal mental processes, such as

  • Memory
  • Thinking
  • Attention
  • Language
  • Perception
• There are two main aspects of the cognitive approach:

  • The role of schema
  • Theoretical and computer models
• Schema is a package of ideas and information gained from experiences and processes new information that helps us respond appropriately. The cognitive approach suggests the role of schema as a way of quickly processing information and prevents stimuli from being overwhelming, however may distort sensory information. Babies are born with simple, innate motor schema which develops as we get older.
• Cognitive psychologists use theoretical and computer models to explain processing. Theoretical models are abstract, such as the information processing approach. The IPA suggests that information is processed in stages; input, storage and retrieval in the MSM which is based on the way computers function. Computer models are concrete and involve programming a computer to see if they function the same way that the mind does. If they function the same, this is a concrete theory that suggests the mind functions similarly to a computer and is useful in the development of AI.