Back to the future

• Boolean


  This is a data type and refers to an expression or variable that can have only a true or false value e.g. on/off, true/false

  Outside of the narrow database meaning, there is a whole branch of mathematics called 'Boolean Algebra' that is dedicated to solving logic problems with maths. Boolean algebra is widely used in designing computers, after all computers are all about logic.
• Boolean Operator: AND

  A AND B : Statement is TRUE if both A and B are true
• Boolean Operator: OR


  A OR B : Statement is TRUE if either A or B or both are true
• Boolean Operator: NOT


  A NOT B : Statement is TRUE if A is true but B is not true
• Charles Babbage


  He was a mathmatician in the 1800’s. Along with Ada Lovelace, he designed the first computer.

  He designed the first calculator. This was important because it helped wih sea travel which was important because britian had an empire at the time. 
• Bubble Sort


  A bubble sort algorithm goes through a list of data a number of times, comparing two items that are side by side to see which is out of order (i.e. not sorted correctly). It will keep going through the list of data until all the data is sorted into order. Each time the algorithm goes through the list it is called a ‘pass’. 
• Tower Of Hanoi?


  You have three wooden poles. On the first there are 3 discs of different sizes – with the biggest on the bottom and getting progressively smaller. 

  You can only move one disc at a time and you can never put a bigger disc on top of a smaller one. 

  The aim is to move all the disc to one of the other wooden poles.
• Pigpen Cypher


  Pigpen cypher is a geometric simple substitution cipher, which exchanges letters for symbols which are fragments of a grid:

  
• Caesar cipher


  A Caesar cipher, also known as Caesar shift, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet.

  
• Who was George Boole?

  He was a mathematician in the 1800’s. He believed that all decisions were derived from known truths. 

  He realised that humans make decisions based on rules and so do computers. He went on do develop Boolean logic. 
• Logic Gates


  Logic gates have these symbols in diagrams:

  
• Boolean Logic: Truth tables - AND


  Truth tables show combinations of inputs and corresponding outputs:

  
• Boolean Logic: Truth tables - NOT


  Truth tables show combinations of inputs and corresponding outputs:
• Boolean Logic: Truth tables - NOT

  Truth tables show combinations of inputs and corresponding outputs:

  
• Boolea Logic: Truth tables - OR


  Truth tables show combinations of inputs and corresponding outputs:

  
• Alan Turing


  Alan Turing was an important figure in mathematics and the early days of computers.

  He made significant contributions to mathematics, cryptanalysis, logic, philosophy, and mathematical biology. He is also known for his work in computer science, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, and artificial life.
• What did Alan Turing do in World War II?

  Turing was instrumental in breaking Nazi communication encryptions during World War II with his work in cryptography.
• What did Alan Turing contribute to AI?

  Alan Turing is often called the “Father of Artificial Intelligence.” In 1950, he proposed what is now known as the Turing Test, a method for determining if a machine can exhibit human-like intelligence. The test involves a machine trying to imitate human conversation to the extent that a human evaluator cannot reliably distinguish it from another human.