FEBRUARY REVOLUTION

• Lack of army support differentiates as more nco’s willing to unfollow orders
• Tsar 


  Afraid of change, inept, reliant on repression

  Senseless dreams, autocratic, October manifesto and fundamental laws - delayed democracy - stolypin coup

  Sacked vitte after October manifesto - reforms from urgency - stolypin separator made wedge as froced to hang peasants - out of touch with working class so didn’t legislate

  Went to ball after Lena goldfields massacre

  Bloody Sunday 1905

  Inteoduces non entities and fires witte and stolypin dead

  Goes to front and ignores bloc
• Industrialisation 


  New class emerges - middle class - no representation so clash - want democracy so disturbs autocracy

  Experienfed Zemstva or duma - highlights tsarism flaws - autocracy prevented democracy

  Education. informed people

  Working class suffered as they went from loyal peasantry to hard reality
• Oppsition 


  Liberals felt betrayed - reforms were lacklustre - conclude revolution is only way 1917

  1905 - split opposition didnt work long term as they revolutionised

  Menshevik, Bolshevik and socialist revolutionaries always wanted revolution - disseminated worker and politicised the masses
• Support for tsarism and system 


  Contract ended and dissipating - relied on nobility and peasantry who are disillusioned

  Kossaks dissipate

  Disloyal army

  Dostoevsky highlights chruch power falling - no autocratic support
• Political, SOCIAL ,ECONOMIC 


  any change was resisted and ineffective

  No one was moderate in Duma - radical - no bipartisanship

  Economic strains lead to strikes and lockouts and become spark - question class consciousness - educated population question
• War 


  Damage morale - composition of army change - nco’s introduced

  disorganisation - Zemgor and wics highlight incompeency - any tsar blamed
• 14 feb 


  100,000 workers from 58 factories strike

  Announce bread rations

  Long queues hard to control
• 22 Feb 


  20k workers lock out - caused solidarity strikes
• 23 Feb - womens day 


  90k strikes - 50 factories

  women march - textile workers joined - poliyicse march - encourage men to join - politivised

  radical area

  became violent - 250k out

  no deaths some peace restored
• 24th Feb 


  200k strike

  Commie flags, desecrate statues, call for tsardrom to end

  play le Marseille - attitudes

  no obvious lead party
• 25 Feb

  chief of police killed

  civilians shot dead by army

  all industry is standstill

  1/2 workers striking

  soldiers begin to question in evening
• 26 


  Rodzianko sends tsar telegram and tsar tells Duma to leave

  Called him fat bellied
• 27 Feb 


  Tsar orders command of military to restore order

  • initially 40 civilians shot
  • soldiers feel they have choice -nco’s unwilling to fire
  • Volynskii mutiny - shoot officer dead
  • 66k soldiers mutiny and 4ok rifles arm protestors
  • prisons opened
• 27 feb 


  Duma ignore tsar and set up 12 man committee act as gov which army command order support for

  Revolutioanies set up Petrograd Soviet - let down workers represented and Oct manifesto - organise supplies and food and relief work
• 28 Feb 


  Nicholas returns and is told its too late