Types of Organic Reactions

• Substitution Reaction


  Chemical reaction in which an atom/group of atoms in a molecule is replaced by another atom/group of atoms
• Mechanism


  Detailed step-by-step description of how the overall reactions occurs
• Chain Reaction


  Reaction that continues on & on because a product from one step of the reaction is a reactant for another step of the reaction
• Addition Reaction


  Two or more molecules react together to form a single molecule
• Polymers


  Long-chain molecules made by joining together many small molecules
• Repeating Unit


  Part of the polymer whose repetition produces the complete polymer chain except for the end groups
• Elimination Reaction


  A small molecule is removed from a larger molecule to leave a double bond in the larger molecule
• Organic Synthesis


  Process of making organic compounds from simpler starting materials
• Recrystallisation


  Process of repeated crystallisation in order to purify a solid or to obtain more satisfactory crystals of a solid which is already pure
• Chromotography


  Separation technique in which a mobile phase carrying a mixture moves in contact with a selectively adsorbent stationary phase
• Principle of ultraviolet absorption spectrometry


  Absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration of a substance
• Principle on which all chromatographic separation techniques are based on


  Separation of a mixture of components occurs as a result of selective adsorbance of the components of the mixture on a stationary phase while carried by a mobile phase
• Principle of gas chromatography


  Gaseous mobile phase is in contact with a stationary phase (non-volatile liquid) & separation of the mixture occurs as a result of selective adsorbance of the components of the mixture on the stationary phase
• Principle of high performance liquid chromatography


  A liquid mobile phase is in contact with a stationary phase (fine particles of a solid) & separation of the mixture occurs as a result of selective adsorbance of the components of the mixture on the stationary phase