Chapter 2 - YCJA

• fair and equitable


  governed by rules that apply to everyone
• young offender


  A person under 18 who has broken the law
• YCJA


  Youth Criminal Justice Act, 2003
• community service


  a sentence requiring the offender to perform a certain amount of unpaid labour in the community
• criminal record


  a file that lists all of the crimes a person has committed
• sentence


  the punishment given to someone found guilty of committing a crime
• rehabilitation


  change negative behaviors into positive ones
• reintegration


  allow a youth to rejoin society in a positive way
• restitution


  to return everything to the way it used to be before the crime (or as close as possible)
• Youth Justice Committee


  comprised of volunteers who administer the extrajudicial sanctions program to young offenders aged 12-18 in their communities
• jury


  a group of 12 citizens chosen to determine the guilt/innocence in a criminal trial
• juror


  a member of jury
• justice advocacy groups


  Citizen-led (government does not run it), helps offenders to reintegrate
• defence


  the lawyer or lawyers whose job is to prove in court that a person did not commit a crime
• prosecution


  A government body that brings charges against a person accused of breaking the law
• sequester


  Kept together in a private location separate from their homes or workplaces during part or all of a trial to avoid outside influences
• victim


  a person harmed, injured, or killed as a result of a crime
• sentencing circle


  community-directed programs for aboriginals that allow the victim(s) and offender to have a voice, make amends and provide the punishment
• justice system


  administration of the law, deciding how laws are applied
• custody


  last resort, two kinds- open + closed
• court


  a system that has the authority to make decisions based on law
• YCJA vs. Adult criminal code

  Name isn't released, 10 year sentence maximum
• Extrajudicial measures


  Counselling, community service, restitution
• rights when arrested


  1. to remain silent

  2. contact parent/ guardian/ lawyer

  3. have a parent/ guardian present during questioning

  4. provided lawyer if case goes to court
• roles and duties of jurors

  must attend jury slelection or face a fine/jail, randomly selected over the age of 18
• roles of the police

  investigating, arresting, helping victims, teaching community about safety
• roles of justice advocacy groups

  Stand up for rights of those accused of criminal acts, strive for fair and equitable treatment for all in justice system
• roles of elders


  help guide youth, be role models and advisers, provide mentor-ship, help reintegrate youth
• roles of parents and community


  Influences on youth
• Juvenile Delinquents Act


  1908-1984
• Young Offenders Act


  1984-2003
• Justice


  Applying laws