GE109

• University of Santo Tomas


  Where Rizal enrolled for a degree in Philosophy, then shifted to Medicine
• Rizal's time at the University of Santo Tomas

  1877-1882
• Universidad Central de Madrid


  Where Rizal enrolled in Medicine and Philosophy and Letters, and the Academy of Fine Arts
• Rizal's time at the Universidad Central de Madrid

  1882-1884
• Licentiate in Medicine


  Title Rizal obtained after completing his medical studies
• Rizal could not carry the academic title "Dr." or attach "M.D." after his name, but was allowed to practice medicine</b>
• Madrid Exposition where Filipinos celebrated Juan Luna and Felix Resurrecion Hidalgo's wins


  1884
• Brindis


  Speech Rizal delivered at the tribute to Luna and Hidalgo, which stressed the idea that genius knows no race and condemned the friars' bigotry
• Rizal's time in Paris specializing in ophthalmology

  1885-1886
• Dr. Louis de Wecker

  Ophthalmologist Rizal worked under and learned eye surgery techniques from
• Rizal became a model for two of Juan Luna's historical paintings
• Rizal's time in Germany, including stays in Heidelberg, Wilhelmsfeld, Leipzig, Dresden, and Berlin

  1886-1887
• Dr. Otto Becker


  Professor and director of the eye clinic at the University of Heidelberg where Rizal attended lectures and perfected eye diagnosis techniques
• The Flower of Heidelberg

  Poem Rizal wrote expressing his longing for the Philippines
• Ferdinand Blumentritt


  Director of the Ateneo of Leitmeritz who corresponded with Rizal
• Maximo Viola


  Medical student who funded the publication of Rizal's first novel, Noli Me Tangere
• Noli Me Tangere


  Rizal's first novel, which aimed to picture the past and realities in the Philippines, reply to insults, unmask hypocrisy, and stir Filipino patriotism
• Characters in Noli Me Tangere

  • Juan Crisostomo Ibarra - Represented the affluent, liberal, European-educated Filipino
  • Elias - Represented the Filipino masses and rebels
  • Maria Clara - Symbolized a modest, faithful, reserved Filipina
  • Don Rafael Ibarra - Symbolized an affluent landlord with a social conscience
  • Sisa - Symbolized a mother who would do anything for her children
  • Kapitan Tiago - Represented the subservient Filipino to authorities
  • Doña Victorina - Represented Filipinos who gave up their identity to be part of high society
  • Doña Patrocino - Symbolized the Filipina who hid bad attitudes behind piety
  • Pilosopo Tasyo - Represented Rizal's epitome of a philosopher
  • Padre Damaso - Symbolized the abusive church and societal leaders
• The Noli was condemned by Spanish legislators as anti-Catholic, Protestant, and Socialist, and censured by Fr. Salvador Font and Fr. Jose Rodriguez in the Philippines
• Rizal's first homecoming to the Philippines after 5 years abroad


  1887
• According to Sen. Claro M. Recto, we should go directly to Rizal's own writings to get an accurate picture of who he truly was, rather than relying on biographies and interpretations