Unit #14 - Communist China, Korean War, Vietnam War

• Great Leap Forward - a focus on industrial production of steel in Communist China during Mao's rule mostly during 1950s.
• Cultural Revolution - was the program in China set up by Mao to eliminate the "old ways" of China and to forcibly embrace the new communist ways of China mostly during the 1960s.
• Chinese Republic - after the last emperor, China becomes arepublic under the leadership of the nationalist Sun Yat-Sen in 1912
• Communist China - after Mao Zedong's communist armychases the nationalist government leader Chiang Kai-Shek out of China and to the island of Formosa (Taiwan), Mao sets up a communist government that would exist until today
• Long March - led by Mao Zedong, it was a series ofmarches in retreat to escape the nationalist army. It was successful and Mao was able to gain popularity and regroup in order to defeat the Chinese Nationalists and set up a communist government
• Little Red Book - Mao introduced a book ofsayings quoted directly from Mao to form a new communist cultural perspective
• Open Door Policy - was the policy Deng Xiaoping's began when he took over for Mao that stated all countries should have the right to open contact and trade with China
• Four Modernizations - was Deng Xiaoping's plan to change China after the disaster of Cultural Revolution to improve agriculture, science/technology, defense and industry
• 38th Parallel - line that separates North & South Korea
• Communism - an economic system explained by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in their book "The Communist Manifesto" in which the means of production are controlled by the state and everyone forced to be equal politically, economically, religiously, socially, intellectually and in a geographic area
• Red Guard - student mass paramilitary social movement mobilized by Mao Zedong in 1966 and 1967, during the Cultural Revolution to root out all possible people and groups who weren't following Mao's ideas of communism.
• Mao Zedong - Leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-Shek) and the Nationalists. Established China as the People's Republic of China and ruled from 1949 until 1976 (his death)
• Deng Xiaoping - Leader of China from 1976 to 1997 whose reforms essentially dismantled the communist elements of the Chinese economy with his Four Modernizations.
• North Korea - Communist, isolationist, totalitarian state in Asia led by Kim Jung Un which has nuclear weapons.
• South Korea - Democratic Republic state in Asia which is one of the Asian Tigers.
• Asian Tigers - The aggressive economic growth states of Asia (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea)
• North Vietnam - Communist state in southeast Asia which fought a war (1954-1975) with France, and then the United States and won. Merged with South Vietnam to form one country after the war.
• Vietnam - Communist state in Southeast Asia which has a communist government but a market economy like China.
• South Vietnam - Former democratic republic who lost the Vietnam war to North Vietnam which became the state of Vietnam.
• Ho Chi Minh - Communist leader of North Vietnam in the 1960s.
• Ho Chi Minh Trail - A network of jungle paths winding from North Vietnam through Laos and Cambodia into South Vietnam, used as a military route by North Vietnam to supply the Vietcong (North Vietnam Communists) during the Vietnam War.