Types of Cells

• Cell


  • Complex and highly organized structures
  • Both plants and animal cells include organelles (internal components)
  • Coordination of organelles is what allows them to survive in different conditions
• Animal Cells


  • The cells in an animal body
• Plant Cells


  • The cells in a plant body
  • Have all the things animal cells have, plus a cell wall (rigid wall), chloroplasts (containing chlorophyll), and large vacuoles (storing water and nutrients)
• Process of Cells 


  Cells are effcient and the organelles are specialized to do things. these things include:

  • Nutrition intake
  • Movement
  • Growth
  • Response to stimuli
  • Gas exchange
  • Waste Removal
  • Reproduction
• Organelles in a Cell

  • Cell Membrane- very flexible boundary
  • Cytoplasm- jelly like membrane that supports the organelles
  • Nucleus- holds DNA
  • Nucleolus- makes ribosomes
  • Smooth ER- makes and delivers lipids (fats)
  • Rough ER- makes and delivers proteins (rough because of ribosomes)
  • Ribosomes- translates modified DNA (mRNA) into an amino acid, which then become proteins
  • Vesicle- transports materials to membrane
  • Golgi Apparatus- recieves proteins and lipids from ER and packs them
  • Lysosome- digests waste and foreign particles
  • Mitochondria- where cellular respiration takes place and provides ATP
• Animal cells are adapted to perform cellular respiration, a process in which energy from glucose is broken down into ATP
• ATP

  • Stands for Adenosine Triphosphate
  • used for cell growth, reproduction, and cell processes

  
• How ATP is made

  • glucose (from food) breaks down with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

  
• Plant Cells are adapted to perform photosynthesis, a process in which energy from the sun transformed into glucose. The glucose is used to make ATP so it can use energy at night.
• How photosynthesis happens

  • carbon dioxide mixes with water to produce glucose and oxygen with the help of solar energy from the sun