NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY 1

• Nutrition


  Study of food and how the body makes use of it.
• The word " nutrition" is derived from


  "Nutricus" meaning to SUCKLE(feed)
• Nutrients


  are chemical substances found in food that provides heat and energy, to build and repair body tissues and to regulate body processes.
• Food


  anything which when taken and digested nourishes the body and is a vital need without which man cannot live
• Health


  is the state of being free from illness or injury.
• WHO definition of HEALTH:

  a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
• Nutritional status


  is the condition of the body resulting from the utilization of essential nutrients
• History of Nutrition

  400 B.C. — Hippocrates


  "FATHER OF MEDICINE"

  -"Let thy food be thy medicine and

  thy medicine be thy food".
• ➢400 B.C. —


  Foods were often used as cosmetics or as medicines in the treatment of wounds.
• ➢1500's - Leonardo da Vinci


  compared the process of

  metabolism in the body to the

  burning of a candle.
• 1747 - Dr. James Lind


  a physician in the British Navy, performed the first scientific experiment in nutrition.

  ➢became known as "Limeys"
• 1770 — Antoine Lavoisier,


  the "Father of Nutrition and Chemistry" discovered the actual process by which food is metabolized.
• Early 1800's


  discovered

  that foods are composed

  primarily of four elements: carbon,

  nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen
• 1840 — Justus Liebig


  of Germany, was the first

  to point out the chemical makeup

  of carbohydrates, fats and proteins
• ➢ 1897 - Christiaan Eijkman,


  a Dutchman observed that some of the natives in Java developed a disease called

  Beriberi, which caused heart

  problems and paralysis.
• 1912 - Elmer V. McCollum,


  discovered the first fat soluble

  vitamin, Vitamin A.
• A,D,E,K


  fat soluble vitamins
• 1912 - Dr. Casmir Funk


  the

  first to coin the term "vitamins" as vital

  factors in the diet.
• ➢1925-Edwin B. Hart


  discovered

  that trace amounts of copper are

  essential for iron absorption
• 1930 - William Rose


  discovered the essential amino acids, the building blocks of protein.
• 1940


  The water soluble

  B and C vitamins were identified
• ➢Francisco O. Santos


  Father of Nutrition in the Philippines
• National Nutrition Month


  July- was based on Presidential Decree 491, or the Nutrition Act of the Philippines, signed on June 25, 1974.

  -This act was created to create greater awareness on the importance of nutrition among Filipinos.
• Purpose of Nutrition:


  ●To maintain life by allowing one to grow and be in a state of optimum health

  ●Aids in resistance to illnesses

  ●Provides energy
• Classification of nutrients according to its:

  
  

  1.Function

  Nutrients That Build and Maintain Body Cells
• ( Body building foods)

  Proteins

  •Mineral elements

  •Fats

  •Carbohydrates
• ●Nutrients That Regulate Body Functions

  (Regulators)

  •

  Water

  •Vitamins

  •Mineral Elements

  •Carbohydrates, including fiber
• Nutrients That Provide Energy(Energy giving foods)

  Fats

  •Carbohydrates (starches and sugars)

  •Proteins
• 2. Chemical properties


  either organic or inorganic.
• Organic substances


  are those carbon-containing compounds.
• 3. Essentiality


  refers to significant contribution to the body's physiological functioning.
• A. Non essential-


  which is not vital to the body
• B. Essential-


  vital to the body as the body cannot

  synthesize like oxygen and water
• 4. Concentration


  nutrients may be termed macronutrients or micronutrients. Water, protein, fat and carbohydrates are macronutrients. Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients
• Diseases and Conditions Influenced by Nutrition

  •Hypertension:


  Salt intake affects blood pressure.
• Heart disease/high cholesterol


  : Fatty foods and partial hydrogenated oils can create plaque in arteries.
• •Osteoporosis:


  Low calcium, low vitamin D and excess fat can result in fragile bones.

  •
• Certain cancers:


  A poor diet and obesity are associated with increased risk of breast, colon, endometrial, esophageal, and kidney cancers.