mechanisms

• free radical substitution?

  conditions: U.V light

  initiation

  propagation

  termination
• nucleophilic substitution?

  OH-

  CN-

  NH3

  nucleophile = electron pair donor
• elimination?

  haloalkane to alkene - eliminates halogen

  conditions: ethanol as solvent, high temperature

  OH- + H+ -> H20
• electrophilic addition?

  electrophile = electron pair acceptor

  alkene to haloalkane

  Br-Br

  H-Br

  H2SO4

  dehydration
• acid catalysed elimination?

  alcohol to alkene

  H2O -> H+

  the H+ comes from phosphoric acid or H2SO4
• acid catalysed addition?

  hydration

  alkene to alcohol

  H+ -> H2O

  H+ comes from phosphoric acid