attachment

• what is it meant by stranger anxiety

  response to the arrival of a stranger
• what is it meant by separation anxiety

  distress level when separated from a carer, degree of comfort needed on return
• what is it meant by social referencing

  the degree to which a child looks at a carer to check how they should respond to something new (secure base)
• what is asocial attachment (schaffer)


  between 0-6weeks, both social and non social stimuli produce a favourable reaction (eg.smile)
• what is indiscriminate attachment (schaffer)

  between 6weeks-7months, most babies respond equally to any care giver and get upset when an individual ceases to interact with them
• what is a specific attachment (schaffer)

  between 7-9months, infants have a special preference for a single attachment figure, looks to particular people for security, comfort and protection. stranger and separation anxiety when separated from specific person
• what is multiple attachment (schaffer)

  from 10months onwards, baby becomes increasingly independent + forms several attachments (by 18 most babies have formed multiple attachments)
• what is pre-attachment (bowlby)


  between 0-6weeks the infant does not discriminate between caregivers
• what is attachment in the making (bowlby)

  between 6weeks-7months prefers familiar people but accepts care from anyone
• what is clear cut attachment (bowlby)

  between 7-24months specific attachment to the primary car giver develops
• what is formation of reciprocal relationships (bowlby)

  from 24months onwards children will acquire language skills and better understand the pattern of carers leaving and returning