Dela Cerna

• Poetry


  Broad genre of literature that is written in stanza form
• Poetry


  • Characterized by a regular rhythmic pattern, rhyme, horizontal and/or vertical measure, imagery, symbolism, and figurative language
• Vertical Measure


  Poems and stanzas are classified according to the number of lines
• Vertical Measure


  • Couplet (2 lines)
  • Triplet (3 lines, all rhyme)
  • Tercet (3 lines, 1st and last rhyme)
  • Quatrain (4 lines)
  • Cinquain (5 lines)
  • Sestet (6 lines)
  • Septet (7 lines)
  • Octave (8 lines)
  • Nonet (9 lines)
• Horizontal Measure


  Lines are described according to the number of syllables
• Horizontal Measure


  • Monosyllabic (1 syllable)
  • Dysallabic (2 syllables)
  • Trisyllabic (3 syllables)
  • Tetrasyllabic (4 syllables)
  • Pentasyllabic (5 syllables)
  • Hexasyllabic (6 syllables)
  • Heptasyllabic (7 syllables)
  • Octosyllabic (8 syllables)
  • Nonasyllabic (9 syllables)
  • Decasyllabic (10 syllables)
  • Undecasyllabic (11 syllables)
  • Dodecasyllabic (12 syllables)
• Feet/Meters


  Lines are classified by the number of feet or meters: monometer (1 foot), dimeter (2 feet), trimeter (3 feet), tetrameter (4 feet), pentameter (5 feet), hexameter (6 feet), heptameter (7 feet), octameter (8 feet)
• Rhythm


  The regular succession of accented and unaccented syllables in a line
• Metrical Feet


  • Iamb (unstressed, stressed)
  • Anapest (unstressed, unstressed, stressed)
  • Trochee (stressed, unstressed)
  • Dactyl (stressed, unstressed, unstressed)
  • Spondee (stressed, stressed)
  • Pyrrhic (unstressed, unstressed)
• Rhyme


  The presence of words that have similar or identical final sounds
• Rhyme Schemes


  • Petrarchan/Italian Sonnet (abbaabba, cdecde)
  • Shakespearean/English Sonnet (abab cdcd efef gg)
  • Spenserian Sonnet (abab bcbc cdcd ee)
  • Filipino Sonnet (variable rhyme pattern and measure)
• Internal Rhyme


  Rhyming words found within one line
• Terminal Rhyme


  Rhyming words found at the end of lines
• Perfect Rhyme


  Final sounds of rhyming words are identical
• Approximate Rhyme


  Final sounds of rhyming words are similar
• Eye Rhyme


  Words have identical final letters but do not sound the same
• Masculine Rhyme


  Rhyming words have one syllable each
• Feminine Rhyme


  Rhyming words have two syllables each with stress on the first syllable
• Compound Rhyme


  Rhyming words are compound words forming two pairs of rhyming words
• Monorime


  All lines in a stanza have the same final sound
• Dirime


  A stanza has two pairs or sets of rhyming words
• Tririme


  A stanza has three pairs or sets of rhyming words
• Rime Riche/Identical Rhyme


  Rhyming words are homonyms
• Imagery


  The creation of a picture or pictures by using words that appeal to the senses
• Types of Imagery


  • Visual
  • Auditory
  • Olfactory
  • Gustatory
  • Tactile/Tactual
  • Kinesthetic
  • Thermal
• Symbolism


  When one thing represents another by association, resemblance, or convention
• Figures of Speech


  Words and phrases used connotatively to communicate an abstract idea or produce an effect
• Kinds of Poems


  • Narrative Poem (Epic, Ballad, Metrical Tale, Metrical Romance)
  • Dramatic Poem (Tragedy, Comedy, Tragicomedy, Farce, Melodrama, Historical Play, Religious Play)
  • Lyric Poem (Ode, Elegy, Simple Lyric, Song, Psalm, Sonnet, Hymn)
• Drama


  A form of art that depicts life's experiences through the reenactment of events
• Elements of Drama


  • Literary Elements
  • Direction
  • Acting
  • Editing
  • Set Design
  • Production Design
  • Cinematography
  • Costume Design
  • Make-Up
  • Properties
  • Lighting Effects
  • Sound Effects
  • Visual Effects
  • Theme Song
  • Musical Score
  • Story
  • Script
• Work of a production designer


  • Not limited to a studio, a room, or the stage but covers an area as wide as a small community or a large province
  • Involves designing costumes, determining props to be used, and collaborating with the cinematographer
• Fantasy movie production designs

  • Exodus
  • Harry Potter
• Costume designer


  Creates the clothes to be worn by the actors and actresses
• Costume designer


  Sees to it that the costumes suit the characters to be portrayed by the performers
• Make-up artist


  Beautifies or uglifies the actors and actresses based on the roles they portray
• Actors who played "Kampanerang Kuba"

  • Vilma Santos
  • Anne Curtis
• Properties (props)


  Things which the actors and actresses carry or bring with them as they perform on stage or in front of the camera in order to establish their characters
• Lights man


  In charge of determining the amount (bright or dark) and the sources (sun, lamp, flashlight, or candle) of light needed to make scenes realistic and credible
• Lighting effects for day and night scenes

  • Daytime scene shot at night needs full blast lights
  • Nighttime scene shot during daytime needs lights dimmed
• Sound effects man


  In charge of determining the amount (loud or soft) and the sources (people, animals, objects, e.g. horns, and others, e.g. thunder) of sound needed to make the scenes realistic and credible