MODULE 9

• FIRE ALARM - Any visual or audible signal produced by a device or system to warn the occupants of the building or firefighting elements of the presence or danger of fire to enable them to undertake immediate action to save life and property and to suppress the fire.
• fire alarm - is a set of devices that utilizes audio and visual signaling to alert people to a fire risk, smoke, or carbon monoxide occurrence.
• DEVICES OF FIRE ALARM:

  1. Smoke detector
  2. Fire bell
• Smoke Detector – a device placed at the ceilings of the floor that detects smoke, typically as an indicator of fire.
• Fire Bell – a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound.
• AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER - A type of built in sprinklers which works by the increase of room temperature and which automatically operates the system to put out the fire. Attached and distributed in the ceiling of the rooms.
• STAND PIPES - G.I. steel or plastic pipes located inside the building from the lowest to the top floor with water under pressure for use in case of fire. Located near the standpipe is a fire hose usually enclosed in a glass box.
• FIRE HYDRANT - It is a mechanical device strategically located in an installation or in a street where a fire hose will be connected so that the water will be available to extinguished a fire.
• FIRE EXTINGUISHER - Is a firefighting equipment which can be portable or in cart that issued to put out fire depending on the contents to extinguish certain types of fire.
• CLASSES OF FIRE:

  1. CLASS A
  2. CLASS B
  3. CLASS C
  4. CLASS D
  5. CLASS K
• Class A - fires involving ordinary combustible materials (such as wood, cloth, and paper, requires an extinguishing agent which cools)
• CLASS B – fires involving flammable and combustible liquids and gases, (such as solvents, greases, gasoline, and lubricating oil, require an extinguisher which removes oxygen or cuts the chain reaction.)
• CLASS C – fires involve electrical equipment (live electrical wires, electrical appliances).
• Class D - combustible metals and alloys
• CLASS K – it is a combustible cooking (fires involving vegetable or animal cooking oils or fats.)
• FIRE - A chemical reaction that requires three elements to be present for the reaction to take place and continue.
• THREE STEPS TO IDENTIFY FIRE HAZARD

  1. Identify sources of ignition
  2. Identify sources of fuel
  3. Identify sources of oxygen
• All fires can be extinguished by cooling, smothering, starving or by Interrupting the combustion process to extinguish the fire.
• Cooling - limiting temperature by increasing the rate at which heat is lost from theburning material
• Smothering - limiting oxygen by preventing air from reaching the seat of the fire to allow the combustion process to reduce the oxygen content in the confined atmosphere until it extinguishes itself
• Starving - limiting fuel by removing potential fuel from the vicinity of the fire, removing the fire from the mass of combustible materials or by dividing the burning material into smaller fires that can be extinguished more easily
• Interrupting - Inhibiting the chemical chain reaction by applying extinguishing media to the fire that inhibit the chemical chain reaction at the molecular level
• PULL the pin - Fire extinguishers often have a pin, latch, or puncture lever that you need to release first.
• AIM low - Aim the nozzle or hose of the extinguisher at the base of the fire.
• SQUEEZE the handle - This releases the extinguishing agent.
• SWEEP from side to side - Move in close, and sweep across the base of the fire. Watch for re-flash of the fire