Animal Biology

• tissue


  an array of cells of a specific type or types that interact in a collective task
• the four types of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
• extracellular fluid 


  serves as the cell's environment
• extracellular fluid


  in humans, it consists of mainly of interstitial fluid and plasma
• epithelial tissue


  covers body surfaces and lines the internal cavities
• connect tissue 


  connects body parts and provides structural support
• muscle tissue


  moves the body or its parts
• nervous tissue


  detects stimuli and relays information
• epithelial tissue


  covers and lines body surfaces and cavities
• epithelial tissue


  its cells have little matrix between them
• basement membrane


  attaches epithelium to underlying tissue
• tight junctions


  form a waterproof barrier between cells
• adhering junctions


  holds cells together
• Gland cells


  special epithelial cells
• Endocrine glands


  are ductless and secrete hormones
• exocrine glands


  secrete substances such as milk through ducts
• connective tissue


  consists of cells in an extracellular matrix of their own secretions
• connective tissue


  they structurally and functionally connect cells
• Loose connective tissue 


  the most common type of connective tissue
• Loose connective tissue 


  underlies the most epithelia
• Regular connective tissue 


  stretchy dense, makes up ligaments and tendons
• Irregular connective tissue


  dense, forms capsules, as around the kidney
• Cartilage and bone tissue


  the connective tissue of the skeletal system
• Adipose tissue


  stores lipids, serves as insulation, and acts as padding
• Blood 


  considered as fluid connective tissue and it also consists of cells derived from bone in a fluid plasma
• Muscle tissue


  it contracts when stimulated
• muscle tissue 


  helps move the body and its component parts
• The three types of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle tissue
• skeletal muscle 


  the muscle tissue that interacts with bone
• cardiac muscle


  the muscle of the heart that appears striated
• striated


  marked with long thin parallel streaks
• Skeletal muscle 


  is the muscle under voluntary control
• Nervous tissue 


  coordinates activities within a body
• Nervous tissue


  it contains neurons that relays information to the brain and the body
• Neurons


  relays electric signals along their length and send and receive chemical messages
• Neuroglial cells


  protects and supports neurons
• Organ system 


  consists of two or more organs that interact chemically, physically, or both in tasks that help function individual cells
• coelom


  lined body cavity
• organ systems


  it interacts to provide cells with the materials that they need and to rid the body of wastes
• integumentary system


  includes the skin and structures derived from it, such as hair and nails