Week 7 – Police Strategies, Operations, and Engagement

• What is the community policing model – the three Ps?

  The community policing model is:

  1. Problem solving.
  2. Prevention.
  3. Partnerships.
• What is the professional model of policing – the three Rs?

  The professional model of policing is:

  1. Rapid response.
  2. Random patrol.
  3. Reactive investigation.
• How did community policing emerge?

  Community policing emerged in the 1980s which was based on Peel's Principles of Policing in the 1800s.
• Community Based Strategic Policing

  A model of police work that incorporates the key principles of community policing with crime prevention, crime response, and crime attack responses.
• Crime Displacement

  The relocation of crime from one locale to another. Cracking down on crime in one place only moves that crime to another place. This creates safety issues and does not eliminate it.
• Intelligence-Led Policing

  Policing guided by the collection and analysis of information that is used to inform police decision making at both the tactical and the strategic level – includes COMPSTAT and predictive policing.
• Predictive Policing

  The use of statistical analysis to identify the time and location where criminal activity is likely to occur – most successful in curbing property crime.
• Clearance Rates

  The proportion of actual incidents known to the police that result in the identification of a suspect, whether or not that suspect is ultimately charged and convicted.
• What is primary crime prevention?

  Programs that identify opportunities for criminal offences and alter those conditions to reduce the likelihood that a crime will be committed.
• What is a secondary crime prevention?

  Programs that focus on areas that produce crime and disorder and identify high-risk offenders.
• What is tertiary crime prevention?

  Programs design to prevent youth and adults from reoffending.
• What are some challenges in crime prevention?

  Some challenges with crime prevention is that the public often are not aware of police crime prevention initiatives and few citizens participate in crime prevention.
• Crime Prevention through Environmental Design


  Altering design of building and pedestrian routes has helped to reduce crime in some areas.
• Closed-Circuit Television


  Most effective in specific locales. Reduces disorder and provide evidence for police.
• Operation Identification/Provident


  Mark property with ID numbers. However, uncertain if reduces property crime.
• Neighbourhood Watch


  Reduces crime in some communities.
• Citizen Patrols


  Some reduction in crime and in citizens' fear of crime.
• Media-Based Programs


  Public education/assistance; increased arrest rates, but little impact on crime overall.
• Problem-Oriented Policing


  A tactical strategy based on the idea that police should address the causes of recurrent crime and disorder.
• Broken Windows


  The view that if minor crimes are left unaddressed in an environment, more serious will occur.
• Zero Tolerance Policing


  A crime response strategy centred on the premise that strict order maintenance approaches by police will reduce more serious criminal activity.
• What is the only method of crime attack strategies that does not work?

  Community Notification