EL 117

• Journalism


  A form of writing that tells people about things that happened, but that they might not have known about already
• Journalist


  People who write journalism, they might work in newspapers, magazines, websites, or TV or radio stations
• Journalism


  The process of gathering and presenting factual information, used to transmit a story to the public and to create a record for archival purposes
• Campus journalism


  The enjoyable activity of the staff of the campus paper in collecting, organizing, and presenting news, writing editorials, columns, features, and literary articles, taking pictures, cartooning, copy reading, proofreading, dummying & writing headlines
• Five Core Principles/Tenets of Journalism

  • Truth and Accuracy
  • Independence
  • Fairness and Impartiality
  • Humanity
  • Accountability
• Truth and Accuracy


  Journalists cannot always guarantee 'truth', but getting the facts right is the cardinal principle of journalism
• Independence


  Journalists must be independent voices; they should not act, formally or informally, on behalf of special interests
• Fairness and Impartiality


  Most stories have at least two sides, stories should be balanced and add context
• Humanity


  Journalists should not harm, they should be aware of the impact of their words and images on the lives of others
• Accountability


  A sure sign of professionalism and responsible journalism is the ability to hold ourselves accountable
• Press Freedom is not Absolute
• The press is the watchdog of a democratic society
• The press has a fiscalizing function for the three branches of government: executive, legislative, and judiciary
• The press is adversarial in nature but not necessarily polarized ("Third Voice")
• Code of Ethics of the Press

  • I shall scrupulously report and interpret the news, taking care not to suppress essential facts or to distort the truth by omission or improper emphasis
  • I shall not violate confidential information or material given me in the exercise of my calling
  • I shall resort only to fair and honest methods in my effort to obtain news, photographs and/or documents, and shall properly identify myself as a representative of the press when obtaining any personal interview intended for publication
  • I shall refrain from writing reports which will adversely affect a private reputation unless the public interest justifies it. At the same time, I shall fight vigorously for public access to information
  • I shall not let personal motives or interests influence me in the performance of my duties; nor shall I accept or offer any present, gift, or other consideration of nature which may cast doubt on my professional integrity
  • I shall not commit any act of plagiarism
  • I shall not in any manner ridicule, cast aspersions on, or degrade any person because of sex, creed, religious belief, political conviction, cultural and ethnic origin
  • I shall presume persons accused of the crime of being innocent until proven otherwise. I shall exercise caution in publishing names of minors and women involved in criminal cases so that they may not unjustly lose their standing in society
  • I shall not take unfair advantage of fellow journalists
  • I shall accept only such tasks as are compatible with the integrity and dignity of my profession, invoking the 'conscience clause' when duties imposed on me conflict with the voice of my conscience
  • I shall comport myself in public or while performing my duties as a journalist in such a manner as to maintain the dignity of my profession. When in doubt, decency should be my watchword
• Journalism is everywhere; where there are media, there is journalism
• Journalism


  The presentation of information in periodicals and newspapers through writing
• Humans have an inherent curiosity to learn what's new or novel, and journalists feed this interest by publishing about current affairs and news
• Journalism is stimulated by the events happening in the present and depicts the developing situation
• Gathering and transmitting news is a day to day process that makes an impact on everyone
• Journalists are responsible for making interpretations and giving opinions on the news and events
• Newspaper journalism


  Newspapers contain articles that tell about the current issues and events that affect the society
• Magazine journalism


  Magazines use traditional journalism methods to produce articles and stories that are lengthier with much more in-depth exploration of issues, topics, and trends
• TV and radio journalism

  Writers are trained on production techniques and tools, interviewing and communication skills, and research competencies to deliver the latest happenings through electronic broadcast
• Digital journalism


  A contemporary form of journalism where editorial content is distributed via the Internet as opposed to publishing via print or broadcast
• The history of campus journalism in the Philippines started when the University of Santo Tomas published El Liliputiense in 1890
• The first and oldest high school newspaper in the country is The Coconut, the official student publication of Manila High School, now the Araullo High School, published in 1912
• The first printed and regularly issued high school newspaper in the country is The La Union Tab, published by La Union High School in 1923
• Some early high school newspapers in the Philippines

  • The Pampangan, Pampanga High School, 1925
  • The Leytean, Leyte High School, 1925
  • The Rizalian, Rizal High School, 1926
  • The Coconut, Tayabas High School, 1927
  • The Volcano, Batangas High School, 1927
  • The Toil, La Union Trade School, 1928
  • The Samarinian, Samar High School, 1928
  • The Melting Pot, Tarlac High School, 1929
  • The Granary, Nueva Ecija High School, 1929
  • The Torres Torch, Torres High School, 1930
  • The Cagaya Student Chronicle, Cagayan High School, 1931
• The Coconut


  The official student publication of Manila High School, now the Araullo High School
• The Coconut was first published

  1912
• The Coconut is considered the first and oldest high school newspaper in the country
• The La Union Tab, the first printed and regularly issued high school newspaper in the country, was published


  1923
• Some early high school newspapers in the Philippines

  • The Pampangan, Pampanga High School, 1925
  • The Leytean, Leyte High School, 1925
  • The Rizalian, Rizal High School, 1926
  • The Coconut, Tayabas High School, 1927
  • The Volcano, Batangas High School, 1927
  • The Toil, La Union Trade School, 1928
  • The Samarinian, Samar High School, 1928
  • The Melting Pot, Tarlac High School, 1929
  • The Granary, Nueva Ecija High School, 1929
  • The Torres Torch, Torres High School, 1930
  • The Cagaya Student Chronicle, Cagayan High School, 1931
• In the Philippines, a law was enacted to provide a legal basis for campus journalism. Republic Act No. 7079, otherwise known as the Campus Journalism Act of 1991, was approved on July 5, 1991.
• School


  An institution for learning in the elementary, secondary or tertiary level comprised of the studentry, administration, faculty and non-faculty personnel
• Student Publication


  The issue of any printed material that is independently published by, and which meets the needs and interests of, the studentry
• Student Journalist


  Any bona fide student enrolled for the current semester or term, who was passed or met the qualification and standards of the editorial board, and maintains a satisfactory academic standing
• A student publication is published by the student body through an editorial board and publication staff composed of students selected but fair and competitive examinations
• Once the publication is established, its editorial board shall freely determine its editorial policies and manage the publication's funds