Funda

• Hygiene - affects patient's comfort, safety, and well being. This includes cleaning and grooming activities that maintains body's cleanliness and appearance.
• Factors affecting Hygiene: Social Practices - Social groups influence Hygiene preferences and practices, including type of products used.
• Factors Influencing Hygiene: Body Image - person's subjective concept of his or her body, including physical appearance.
• Factors Influencing Hygiene: Developmental stage - normal process of aging influences the condition of body tissue and structures.
• Skin - largest organ of the body
• Abrasion - superficial layer of skin are scraped or rubbed away. Area is reddened and may have localized bleeding or serous weeping.
• Abrasion - Nursing Intervention includes: Prone to skin infection, do not wear any rings or jewelry, lift, do not pull, use two or more people for assistance.
• Excessive dryness - skin appears to be flaky and rough.
• Ammonia dermatitis - caused by skin bacteria reacting with urea in the urine. Skin becomes reddened and is sore.
• Acne - inflammatory condition with papules and putules.
• Acne nursing interventions: keep skin clean to prevent secondary infection. Treatment varies widely.
• Erythema - redness associated with a variety of conditions, eg., rashes, exposure to sun, elevated temp.
• Hirsutism - excessive hair on the body and face, particularly in women.
• Incision - sharp instrument eg., knife or scalpel
• Contusion - blow from a blunt instrument
• Puncture - penetration of the skin in underlying tissue by sharp instrument
• Laceration - tissues torn apart, often from accidents
• Penetrating wound - penetration of skin and underlying tissue usually unintentional. It is an open wound
• Clean wounds are uninfected wounds in which there is minimal inflammation and the gastrointestinal, genital, and urinary tracts are not entered. Clean wounds are primarily closed wounds.
• Clean-contaminated wounds are surgical wounds in which the gastrointestinal, genital, or urinary tract has been entered. Such wounds show no evidence of infection.
• Dirty or infected wounds include wounds with evidence of a clinical infection, such as purulent drainage or necrosis.
• Degree of Wound Contamination: Partial thickness - confined to the skin, that is, the dermis and epidermis; heal by regeneration
• Degree of Wound Contamination: Full thickness - involving the dermis, epidermis,subcutaneous tissue, and possibly muscle and bone; require connective tissue repair
• Pressure Injuries - Consist of injury to the skin or underlying tissue, usually over a bony prominence, as a result of force alone or in combination with movement
• The following are risk Factors for Pressure Injuries, except: • Friction and Shearing • Immobility • Inadequate Nutrition ● Excessive Body Heat • Advanced Age • Diet ● Fecal and Urinary Incontinence ● Decreased Mental Status ● Diminished Sensation • Exercise ● Chronic Medical Conditions ● Moisture