Muscles of the shoulder, Axilla, Brachial Plexus

• Long thoracic nerve can be damaged during a mastectomy...

  what is a result of damaging this nerve?

  Serratus Anterior loses tone and will atrophy, causing winged scapula
• Boundaries of the Axilla

  • Anterior wall – pectoral

  muscles and associated deep

  fascia

  • Posterior wall – subscapularis on anterior scapula, latissimus

  dorsi and teres major

  • Medial wall – serratus

  anterior

  • Lateral wall – humerus
• The breast is held up by which ligaments?

  suspensory ligaments
• Breast is innervated by?

  supraclavicular nerve, intercostal nerve (medial/lateral mammary branches)
• The nerve comes out below the vertebrae at what level?

  T1
• what sensory deficits of the lower brachial plexus (C8-T1) would be seen with injury?

  Medial arm numbness, tingling, or weakness
• What elevates and medially rotates the scapula?

  levator scapulae
• What retracts and medially rotates the scapula?

  Rhomboid major and minor
• What attaches to humerus, extends, adducts and medially rotates

  the arm?

  Latissimus Dorsi
• This works with pectoralis major to raise the trunk (such as

  in climbing)?

  Latissimus dorsi
• When the humerus is fixed (i.e. walking with crutches), latissimus dorsi works to pull the trunk to?

  Towards the arms
• upper fibers of pec major are innervated by _ & the lower fibers are

  doubly innervated

  lateral pectoral nerve
• Innervates serratus anterior and runs along thoracic wall?

  Long thoracic nerve
• Scapulothoracic joint is made up of what muscles?

  Serratus anterior and subscapularis
• • Considered a “floating” joint

  • No bony articulation

  • Gliding of scapula on thoracic wall

  What is this joint?

  Scapulothoracic joint
• Trapezius (descending) and levator scapulae do what action of the scapula?

  elevation
• Pec major and trapezius (ascending) do what action of the scapula?

  depression
• Pec minor and serratus anterior do what action of the scapula?

  Protraction
• Trapezius (transverse), rhomboid Major and Minor do what action of the scapula?

  Retraction
• Serratus anterior (inferior) & trapezius (descending) do what action of the scapula?

  lateral/external rotation
• Levator scapulae, rhomboid major and minor do what action of the scapula?

  Medial/internal rotation
• Deep vein of the axilla?

  Brachial vein
• Superficial vein of the axilla?

  Basilic vein
• Axillary artery is a continuation of what artery?

  subclavian artery, starts at 1st rib
• The cervicoaxillary canal is made up of?

  Brachial Plexus

  Axillary artery and vein

  Axillary fat

  Pectoral (anterior) axillary nodes
• The breast's blood is supplied by?

  Internal and lateral thoracic arteries
• Musculocutaneous Nerve spinal nerve levels?

  C5-C7
• Musculocutaneous Nerve provides motor innervation to?

  corocobrachialis, biceps brachii, and brachialis
• Median Nerve spinal nerve levels?

  C5-T1
• Median nerve provides motor innervation to?

  forearm flexors (pronator teres, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor carpi radialis), Thenar group and 2 radial

  lumbricals (LOAF muscles)
• What nerve supplies distal radioulnar joint, radiocarpal and

  carpal joints?

  Median nerve
• What nerve passes through the carpal tunnel, is the cutaneous nerve of the palm?

  Median nerve
• Ulnar nerve spinal nerve levels?

  C8-T1
• What nerve passes through the Cubital tunnel, supplies elbow joint?

  Ulnar nerve
• Motor innervation for flexor carpi ulnaris, ulnar part of

  flexor digitorum profundis?

  Ulnar nerve
• Superficial and deep branches of the ulnar nerve in the hand supplies all hand intrinsics except?

  Lumbricals, sensory supply to skin and palmar aponeurosis
• Waht nerve passes through triangular interval to posterior arm

  & supplies elbow joint?

  Radial nerve
• What nerve provides motor innervation to lateral and medial head of triceps, brachioradialis, anconeus, supinator?

  Radial nerve
• What nerve supplies all wrist extensors?

  Posterior interosseous nerve
• Inferior lateral cutaneous nerve, posterior cutaneous nerve of arm, posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm, superficial branch are all sensory branches of which nerve?

  Radial nerve