Week 7 Lec

• Meteorology


  The study of the atmosphere, atmospheric phenomena, and atmospheric effects on our weather
• Climatology


  The scientific study of Earth's climate, typically defined as weather conditions averaged over a period of at least 30 years
• Climate types in the Philippines

  • Type I: Two pronounced seasons - Dry from November to April, wet during rest of the year
  • Type II: No dry season with a very pronounced rainfall from November to April and wet during rest of the year
  • Type III: Seasons are not very pronounced; relatively dry from November to April, wet during rest of the year
  • Type IV: Rainfall is more or less evenly distributed through the year
• The most frequent and extensive natural disaster affecting the country is tropical cyclone
• The Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) is annually visited by an average of twenty (20) tropical cyclones (TCs)
• Monthly average tropical cyclone frequency in PAR (1948-2021)

  • January: 0.5
  • February: 0.3
  • March: 0.3
  • April: 0.5
  • May: 1.0
  • June: 1.5
  • July: 3.3
  • August: 3.1
  • September: 3.0
  • October: 2.6
  • November: 2.0
  • December: 1.0
• Tropical cyclones entering the country are not geographically evenly distributed, with Mindanao largely free of typhoons but experiencing frequent rainfalls
• As the climate changes, the direction of tropical cyclones may inevitably change
• National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)


  The government's initiative to protect the environment and general welfare of the public by establishing air quality standards
• National Ambient Air Quality Standards

  • Suspended Particulate Matter (TSP, PM-10)
  • Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
  • Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
  • Photochemical Oxidants as Ozone (O3)
  • Carbon Monoxide
  • Lead
• There is a total of twenty-two (22) airsheds in the Philippines as of 2018
• Airsheds


  Areas with similar climate, meteorology, and topology which affect the interchange and diffusion of pollutants in the atmosphere
• Noise pollution


  Sound above 65 decibels (dB) according to the World Health Organization (WHO)
• Environmental Quality Standards for Noise on General Areas

  • Category AA: 50 dB (daytime), 45 dB (morning, evening, night)
  • Category A: 55 dB (daytime), 50 dB (morning, evening), 45 dB (night)
  • Category B: 65 dB (daytime, evening), 60 dB (morning, night)
  • Category C: 70 dB (daytime, evening), 65 dB (morning, night)
  • Category D: 75 dB (daytime, evening), 70 dB (morning, night)
• Category AA


  A section that requires quietness such as areas within 100 meters from school sites, nursery schools, hospitals, special homes for the aged, and other similar institutions
• Category A


  Contiguous area primarily used for residential purposes
• Category B


  Zoned as commercial areas
• Category C


  Primarily used as light industrial area
• Category D


  Primarily reserved, zoned or used as heavy industrial area