Pectoral Girdle and Shoulder

• Strut joint of the pectoral girdle?

  clavicle
• What attaches the shoulder complex to the thorax?

  Sternoclavicular joint
• What is strengthened by anterior and posterior

  sternoclavicular lig., costoclavicular lig. and

  interclavicular lig?

  sternoclavicular joint
• Muscle that steadies the clavicle in the SC joint?

  subclavius muscle
• SIte where shoulder impingement occurs?

  Coracoacromial arch, subacromial space
• Why does 1/3 of humeral head sits in cavity?

  Due to the glenoid labrum
• What prevents posterior dislocation in the

  opposite direction?

  Glenoid rim being more developed
• Anterior shoulder dislocation is caused by

  excessive internal/external rotation
• Bankart’s lesion can be caused by

  inferior shoulder dislocation
• Bankart’s lesion is a _

  fractured part of the glenoid
• Hills-Sachs is caused by?

  anterior shoulder dislocation
• Fracture of the humerus during discloation?

  Hills-Sachs
• A ring-shaped fibrocartilaginous cushion that adds depth and

  stability to the glenohumeral joint?

  glenoid labrum
• Scapulo-humeral rhtyhm occurs by?

  Arm is abducted 180 degrees, 60 degrees by rotation of the scapula, 120 degrees by rotation of the humerus
• Largets rotator cuff muscle?

  subscapularis
• Muscle that abducts the arm 0-15°?

  supraspinatous
• Ligament that holds the bicep tendon down on the shoulder?

  transverse humeral ligament
• The Axillary Nerve may be injured in a shoulder dislocation. How would you know if this nerve is injured?

  Deltoid muscle not firing, muscles innervated by axillary nerve not working
• Triangle of auscultation is good for?

  listening to the lungs
• Boundaries of Triangle of Auscultation

  • Latissimus dorsi (inferior)

  • Trapezius (superior)

  • Rhomboid major (lateral)
• transverse suprascapular ligament is above the scapular notch and when the ligament becomes ossified creates?

  scapular foramen
• Best imaging to see the rotator cuff and tendon?

  Diagnostic ultrasound
• Blood supply and innevation of the sternoclavicular joint?

  • Blood supply – Internal thoracic and branches of

  thyrocervical trunk

  • Inn. to the joint – Medial supraclavicular nerve

  (mostly cutaneous) and nerve to subclavius
• What discloation is most common in sternoclavilular joint?

  Anterior dislocation
• Ligaments that strengthen the AC joint?

  • Coracoclavicular ligament

  • Conoid ligament

  • Trapezoid ligament

  • Acromioclavicular ligament
• This anchors the clavicle to the coracoid process

  Coracoclavicular ligament
• Blood supply and innervation of the AC joint?

  • Blood supply: suprascapular and thoracoacromial arteries

  • Nerve Inn: Lateral pectoral and axillary nerves
• What type of joint is the AC joint?

  synovial, plane joint
• WHat type of joint is the SC joint?

  synovial, saddle joint
• Glenohumeral joint type of joint?

  Synovial, ball and socket joint
• Glenohumeral joint is very mobile, less stable? True or false

  True
• Why is the glenohumeral joint's capsule loose and fibrous?

  • Opening for tendon of long head of biceps brachii

  • Opening inferior to coracoid process,

  communication between bursa and synovial

  membrane
• Blood supply and innervation for the glenohumeral joint?

  • Blood supply – Anterior and posterior humeral

  circumflex arteries and branches of suprascapular

  artery

  • Nerve inn. – Suprascapular n, Axillary n, Lateral

  pectoral n
• A "reverse" Hills-Sachs can be caused by?

  posterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint
• Most fractured bone in the body?

  clavicle
• Most common direction for shoulder dislocations?

  anterior
• The primary attachment for the glenohumeral ligaments and the long head of the biceps tendon.

  glenoid labrum
• Fraying of the superior capsule-labrum, is what Type of slap lesion?

  Type I
• Detachment of the superior capsule-labrum? What type?

  Type II
• Bucket handle tearing of the superior capsule-labrum? What type?

  Type III