American biographer and historian that had an introduction to Craig's "Lineage, Life, and Labors of Jose Rizal, Philippine Patriot"
James Alexander Robertson
Rizal's desire was not freedom from Spain itself but freedom from the --_____ that had failed to advance the Philippines beyond the conditions of "Medieval Europe."
Spanish colonial government
Rizal believed that the ____ of minds was the key to achieving true liberty.
Liberation
Domigo Lam-co found favor from the Dominicans in the form of them being taken in by the_____
Order
He was involved in a "tedious and costly lawsuit" against the Dominicans regarding land disputes.
Francisco Engracio
Joaquin de Quintos - He is the brother of Rizal's maternal great-great grandfather, who filed a complaint against the provincial governor's arbitrariness.
He noted that "History has recorded sufficient agrarian trouble, in all ages and in all countries, to prove the economic mistake of large holdings of land by those who do not cultivate the land."
Craig/ Austin Craig
What country became the standard of good governance
England (and the subsequent United Kingdom)
Freemasonry - is a fraternal organization of men who believe in brotherhood and helping others.
Liberals - their cause and affiliation brought them at odds with the Church and the State.
Liberals in Spain were accused of being traitors during this
Bourbon War
Who wrote "Eminente Apostolates Specula" which condemned freemasonry.
Pope Clement XII
Who, with the help of the Queen, commuted the liberals' sentence from death to banishment?
King Philip V
Where did the liberal minded officials brought modern ideas to?
Mexico, Cuba, Philippines
Spanish of noble birth but temporarily went out of the throne's favor and were known for their prestige and generosity.
Cajas Abiertas
They made the people realize that there were better Spaniards than the ones running the colony.
Cajas Abiertas
Until when did the Spaniards briefly occupied Manila?
1762-1764
Who waged guerilla warfare from Bulacan?
Lieutenant Governor of Manila Simon Anda Y Salazar
Simon Anda y Salazar's campaign during the British occupation of Manila resulted in casualties among approximately _____ who had sided with the British.
6000 Chinese
Depriving Filipinos of a major source of education and knowledge about Spain and the Church, and disrupting local cultural and educational practices.
Expulsion of the Jesuits (1768)
He was one of the most active enforcers of King Charles III's Expulsion of the Jesuits, and became the Archbishop of Manila in 1766.
Archbishop Don Basilio Sancho de Santa Justa y Rufina
One of the tasks given by the King to Archbishop Don Basilio Sancho de Santa Justa y Rufina, was to check on the ______ for possible abuses.
regular clergy (Dominicans, Augustinians, etc...)
Who denounced Governor General Anda an usurper back during the British occupation, which resulted to him resenting the friars.
Archbishop Rojo
A property formerly owned by the Jesuits in the Philippines, confiscated by the government after the Jesuits were expelled.
Dominican Estate Hacienda de Kalamba
After the death of Francisco, the Hacienda de Kalamba was sold to a lay Spaniard ______ and eventually passed to the Dominicans when he died in 1833.
Don Jose Clemente de Azanza
Who was assassinated at the behest of the Friars and the Jesuits?
Governor General Manuel de Bustamante
It was from the ____ that Francisco Engrasio leased the land they cultivated when they Migrated from Binan to Kalamba.
Dominicans
During the youth of Juan and Clemente, these two countries was embroiled in a war.
England and United States
United States was a former colony of what country?
England
The French stormed the _____ in 1793
Bastille
1793 was the year which historians regard as to be the beginning of French Revolution, just six years after the _______ came to an end.
American Revolution
France was thrusted into a reign of terror when ______ and _______ were executed by Jacobin leader Maximillian Robespierre.
Louise XVI, Marie-Antoinette
Who Executed Louise XVI and Marie-Antoinette?
Jacobin leader Maximillian Robespierre.
Spain showered praise upon the Americans to ______ the UK.
Infuriate
During 1819, which places in the Philippines where foreigners were slaughtered?
Manila and Cavite
What did the locals blame the French for when the deadly Asian cholera broke out which became the reason for the slaughter of foreigners?
Their naturalist collection of animals
He was compelled to resign by Napoleon Bonaparte just two months after his reign in 1808.
Ferdinand VII
When Napoleon imprisoned Ferdinand, who did he crowned as a replacement?
Joseph
This triumphed over the other Juntas and played a crucial role in the drafting of the Spanish Constitution in 1812