noun

• Nouns are words that refer to persons, places, things, or ideas. In English sentences, it is important to understand nouns to identify who or what is being referred to in the sentence. This is crucial in determining the elements of a

  sentence and understanding its meaning.
• Subject - the person, place, or thing that is doing, being, or experiencing whatever is being described by the verb
• Objects - nouns can also be the objects of a transitive verb (a verb that requires an object to receive the action)

  • Direct Object - receives the action

  o Mary passed the pencil.

  the pencil receives the action

  • Indirect Object - indicates to whom or for whom the action of the verb is performed

  o Mary passed the pencil to Eric.

  Eric is for whom the action of the verb is performed
• Subject and Object complements

  • Subject complement - follows a linking verb (be, become, seem) and provides more information about the subject of the sentence

  o Mary is a student.

  o Eric is a sophomore.

  • Object complement - provides more information about the direct object

  o The students elected Eric president of the book club.

  o Eric accepted the presidency crying.
• Objects of a preposition - nouns that follow a preposition

  o Mary brought the pencil into the examination room.

  o Mary and Eric walked along the sidewalk.
• Concrete and Abstract Nouns

  • Concrete nouns can be perceived by our senses (hear, smell, taste, or touch) while abstract nouns represent intangible ideas.

  1. Marriage is the union of two people who share an unconditional love for each other.
  2. The students are busy studying for the upcoming examination.
• Singular and Plural Nouns

  • Singular and plural nouns tell us about numbers. Singular nouns refer to one person, place, or thing, while plural nouns refer to more than one.

  1. He had a few good ideas.
  2. My neighbor is a neurologist.
• Animate and Inanimate Nouns

  -Nouns that refer to things that are alive are animate, while nouns that are not alive are called inanimate.

  o My teacher wrote a novel that won a Palanca Award.

  o The date was horrible.

  
  

  -Human animate nouns can either be masculine or feminine

  o God, goddess

  o Count, countess

  o Hero, heroine
• Count and Noncount Nouns

  -We use “a” or “an” to pluralize count nouns. Noncount nouns are also called mass nouns; they exist in quantities and have no plural forms.

  o The lights of the city sparkled. count

  o Rice is a staple among Filipinos. noncount

  We pluralize noncount nouns by using some, a lot of, a few, etc.

  o Some furniture in my apartment was bought in Pampanga.

  o A lot of information can be found in the library.
• Collective Nouns

  -Refers to a group or collection of people, animals, or things which is referred to as a singular unit.

  o The team is gearing up for the next season.

  o The committee has already decided on the theme for the activity.
• Proper and Common Nouns

  -Actual names of people, places, or things are proper nouns while common nouns are general names.

  o Paris is hosting the 2024 Summer Olympics.

  o I was thrilled to visit a popular tourist destination.