Origins of the Universe

• Theories about the Origin of the Universe

  • Book of Genesis
  • Oscillating Universe
  • Primordial Universe or the Heterotrophic Theory
  • Atomic Universe
  • Aristotelian Universe
  • Ptolemaic Universe
  • Copernican Universe
  • Static or Newtonian Universe
  • Cartesian Vortex Universe
  • Einsteinian Universe
• Modern Theories about the Origin of the Universe

  • Big Bang Theory
  • Occurrence of Redshift
  • Oscillating Universe
  • Steady-State Theory
  • Inflationary Universe
  • Multiverse
• Theories about the Origin of the Solar System

  • Nebular Hypothesis
  • Binary Star Theory
  • Capture Theory
  • Chamberlin-Moulton Planetesimal Theory
• Book of Genesis


  A biblical theory on the seven days of the creation of God, with God as the creator of the universe
• Oscillating Universe


  A cyclic or endless theory from the Hindu text "Rigveda" explaining that the universe is in a repeated cycle, contained in a cosmic egg or "brahmanda"
• Primordial Universe or the Heterotrophic Theory

  Introduced by Anaxagoras, explains that the universe (cosmos) was once a primordial mixture composed of hydrogen, hydrogen gas, and ammonia, with a theory on the rise of the eclipses
• Atomic Universe


  Introduced by Leucippus and Democritus, says that the universe was composed of very small, indivisible, and indestructible building blocks called atoms
• Aristotelian Universe


  Proposed by Aristotle, established the geocentric universe with the earth at the center and the sun revolving around it
• Ptolemaic Universe


  Introduced by Claudius Ptolemaus, took up the geocentric model of the universe based on Aristotle
• Copernican Universe


  Introduced by Nicolaus Copernicus, established the heliocentric theory with the sun at the center of the solar system, based on his book "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies"
• Static or Newtonian Universe

  Introduced by Sir Isaac Newton, predicts that the universe is static, steady, and infinite in his book "Principia"
• Cartesian Vortex Universe


  Introduced by Rene Descartes, concept of vortices with the universe made up of different matter or elements that rub against each other
• Einsteinian Universe


  Introduced by Albert Einstein, added the cosmological constant to his general theory of relativity equation, counteracting the dynamic effects of gravity which would cause the universe to collapse
• Big Bang Theory


  Introduced by Abbe Georges Edouard Lemaitre, the universe developed 13.8 billion years ago after a cataclysmic explosion of small, primeval "super atom" causing the inflation and expansion of the universe, the current accepted theory
• Occurrence of Redshift


  Introduced by Edwin Hubble, discovered that the galaxies are moving away from each other, states that if the universe is expanding, then it could have been tiny at some moment in the past
• Oscillating Universe


  An Albert Einstein-favored model, follows the general theory of relativity equation of the universe
• Steady-State Theory


  Proposed by astronomers Fred Hoyle, Thomas Gold, and Herman Bondi, predicts that the universe expanded without a change in its density, states that matter is continually created as the universe expands, disapproved by Martin Ryle in the 1950s stating that the universe is evolving in time
• Inflationary Universe


  Introduced by Allan Gutch, the universe underwent a short sudden episode of great expansion right after the Big Bang
• Multiverse


  Introduced by Hugh Everett III and Bryce DeWitt, there are other universes existing other than ours
• Nebular Hypothesis


  Proposed by Immanuel Kent and modified by Pierre Laplace, suggests that the solar system was formed from a giant, rotating cloud of dust and gas called a nebula, gravity caused it to collapse, spin faster, and flatten into a disk, the center of the disk becomes denser and hotter, forming the Sun, and the material leftover clumped together to create planets, moons, asteroids, and comets, the current leading theory
• Binary Star Theory


  Introduced by H.N. Russell, proposes that the solar system was formed from the collision of two stars, the immense heat and pressure of the collision would have ejected a large amount of material, clumping together and forming the solar system
• Capture Theory


  Proposed by Michael Mark Woolfson, suggests that the sun captured passing stars or large gas clouds, being broken up to form planets
• Chamberlin-Moulton Planetesimal Theory


  Introduced by Thomas Chrowder Chemberlin and Forest Ray Moulton, proposes that a star passed very close to our sun but not enough to collide, the gravitational pull of the passing star stretched the sun, causing materials to be ejected in long streams, as the ejected material cooled and condensed, it clumped together to form small rocky bodies called planetesimals, these collided overtime and merged to create the planets we see today