3 One Past but Many Histories

• Masau


  Site in Butuan City claimed by some historians as the real site of the start of Christianity in the Philippines
• Limasawa


  Site where some historians conclude the First Holy Mass was celebrated
• National Historical Institute


  Decided in favor of Limasawa as the correct site of the first mass
• This decision was based on a review of contemporary documents, including an ignored eyewitness account, which strongly suggests a western Limasawa site for the first mass.
• Magallanes


  Barangay where the event was commemorated at a hilltop shrine
• Triana


  Barangay in Limasawa where the review of documents supports the first mass took place
• Cavite Mutiny


  Event that many believed ignited the Filipino sense of nationhood and led to the Philippine Revolution in 1896
• GomBurZa


  Martyrs whose death prompted this event
• Versions of Cavite Mutiny

  • Spaniard's version
  • Filipinos version
  • Official report of Governor Izquierdo
• Jose Montero y Vidal


  Spanish historian who wrote the Spaniard's version in his book Historia General de Filipinas
• Dr. T.H. Pardo de Tavera stated that Montero y Vidal "in narrating the Cavite episode, does not speak as a historian; he speaks as a Spaniard bent on perverting the facts at his pleasure; he is mischievously partial"
• Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera


  Filipino scientist, scholar and historical researcher who wrote the Filipinos version
• Gov. General Rafael Izquierdo


  Expressively described the Cavite Mutiny as an "insurrection", "uprising" and a "revolution"
• Versions of Cry of Balintawak or Pugad Lawin

  • Cry of Pugad Lawin
  • Cry of Bahay Toro
  • The First Cry
  • Cry of Balintawak
• Dr. Pio Valenzuela


  Eyewitness who wrote the Cry of Pugad Lawin version in his Memoirs of the Revolution
• Santiago Alvarez


  Well-known Katipunero from Cavite and a son of Mariano Alvarez who wrote the Cry of Bahay Toro version
• Gregoria de Jesus


  Lakambini of the Katipunan and wife of Andres Bonifacio who wrote the First Cry version
• Katipunan General Guillermo Masangkay


  Eyewitness who wrote the Cry of Balintawak version