biological processors

• whats known as the food digestion

  the process by which complex organic compunds are converted to simple organic products to be absorbed to the human body
• write 2 processes of food digestion

  chemical and mechanical
• where does the food digestion start

  in the mouth of buccal cativity
• what happens inside the mouth ? starch is converted wht? and what is the enzyme ?

  starch turns into maltose with ptyalin enzyme
• nutrients that can be used without digestion inside the body

  mineral salts ,some vitamins ,glucose , fructose and galactose
• the functions that takr place in the digestive system

  food digestion > absorption of digested end products > removal of undigested materials
• name the parts

  buccal cavity , esophagus ,stomach liver large intestine small intestine , pancreas

  A) buccal cavity

  
• what is common to both respiratory and digestive tract

  pharynx
• whats the purpose for an epiglottis

  to prevent food entering to the trachea
• what is the name used for the movement due to the contractions ad relaxation of oesophagus wall

  peristaltic movement
• secretions that ooze out of the stomach

  stomach juice
• what contains in the gastric juice

  HCL and pepsine enzyme
• write the process of protein digestion using gastric juice inside the stomach

  the HCL activates the pepsin enzyme and pepsin starts the protein digestion to produce polypeptides
• what is present in infants and what is it for

  rennin is present in infants for coagulation of milk
• food retain inside the shomach for how long?

  3 hrs
• how long is the small intestione ?

  7m long
• two enzymes that involve small intestinal digestion

  pancreatic enzyme and intestinal enzyme
• what are the glands connected to the digestive system

  salivary glands
• what is the mixture called tht is available inside the stomach

  chyme
• what are thr end products and other substances that are absorbed into the stomach

  protein some medicines , water
• what is the organ that food digestion is completed

  small intesttine
• to which part of the digestive tract does pancreatic juice is secreated and whats the duct it is transported

  to the dodenum through the pancreatic duct
• write the place the bile is produced , stored and transported

  carried through the bile duct , produced in the liver, stored in the gallbladder,
• whats is the punction of bile

  the lipids in the foods are broken down into small droplets by the process called emulsification
• whats emulsification

  the process when the lipids are broken down into small droplets
• 3 enzymes of pancreatic juice> substrate> end prodcuts

  trypsin > protein > polypeptides

  amylase > starch > maltose

  lipase > lipids > fatty acids and glycerol
• whats secreted from the intestinal walls > substrate> end products

  intestinal juice

  maltase > maltose > glucose

  sucrase > sucrose > glucose and fructose

  lactase > lactose > glucose and galactose

  peptidase > polypeptides > amino acids
• end products of digestion

  monosaccharides

  amino acids

  fatty acids and glycerol
• what does bile contain

  bile pigments , bile salts , bicarbonated ions and water
• adaptations of small intestine to increase efficiency of absorption

  being a long tube

  thin epithelial lining on villi

  presence of micro villi in the epithelial cells of villi

  finger like projections called villi in the circular folds

  villi are highly vascularized
• digestive end products absorbed in to the blood capillaries of villi

  amino acids

  vitamins

  mineral salts

  monosaccharides
• fatty acids and glycerol formed by digestion are absorbed into ?

  lacteals
• what happens when there is high amount of glucose in the blood

  the glucose in the blood is conveted into glucogen and stored in the liver
• what happens when the when the conventration of glucose is decreased inside the body

  glucogen breaks down to form glucose and is added to the blood
• length of the large intestine

  1.5 meters
• what does the large intestine contain

  cellulose and water
• what is appendicits

  appendix getting infected and swollen
• whats the main function of the large intestine

  absorb water received from the ileum
• why is faecal matter yellow in colour

  due to bile pigments
• diseases and disorders that associated with the digestive tract

  gastritis

  constipation

  typhoid

  diarrhoea