LITERATURE MIDTERM

• Literature - is the work of art that uses the

  language creatively to portray the message

  to the intended audience.
• oral literature -this is a type of literature that presents the

  message through words of mouth.
• written literature -this is a type of literature that presents the

  message through/ in written form.
• fiction -it is a kind of literature that deals with non-factual

  materials or events. Characters, setting and events

  are the product of imaginations from the author. It

  can be inspired by the actual events or completely

  made up.
• non-fiction -this is a kind of literature that deals with factual

  materials or events. The people written about in

  non-fictions are real. Literary non-fictions are

  written to be read just the same way as fictions.
• plot -the sequence of the events in a

  story.
• exposition -introduction of background information, including

  characters, setting, and basic situation.
• rising action -series of events and conflicts that lead up to the

  climax.
• climax -the turning point and most intense moment of

  the story.
• falling action -events that occur after the climax as the

  story begins to resolve.
• resolution -the conclusion of the story

  where conflicts are resolved and the story comes
• character -the individuals who participate in the action of the story.
• protagonist -the main character around whom the story

  revolves.
• antagonist -the character or force in conflict with the

  protagonist.
• supporting characters -other characters who play roles in

  the story’s development.
• setting -the time and place in which the story occurs.
• location -the geographical place where the story

  happens.
• time -the historical period, time of day, season, etc.
• environment -the social and cultural backdrop of the

  story.
• theme -the central idea, message, or underlying

  meaning of the story. It is often a universal

  concept that the narrative explores.
• point of view -the perspective from which the story is told.
• first person -the narrator is a character in the story (using

  “I” or “we”).
• third person limited -the narrator tells the story from the

  perspective of one character (using “he,” “she,” or “they”).
• third person omniscient -the narrator knows the thoughts

  and feelings of all characters.
• second person -the narrator addresses the reader directly

  using “you,” which is less common.
• foreshadowing -hints or clues about what

  will happen later in the story.
• flashback -a scene set in an earlier time

  than the main story.
• irony -a contrast between what is expected

  and what actually happens.
• conflict -the struggle between opposing forces that

  drives the plot.
• man vs. man -conflict between characters.
• man vs. self -internal conflict within a

  character.
• man vs. nature -conflict between a character

  and natural forces.
• man vs. society -conflict between a character

  and societal norms or rules.