Siglat quiz bee

• Ilocos Sur


  Province in the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region in Luzon
• Ilocos Sur


  • Capital is Vigan
  • Bordered by Ilocos Norte, Abra, Mountain Province, La Union, Benguet, and the South China Sea
• Ilocos Sur was founded by the Spanish conquistador Juan de Salcedo


  1572
• Ilocos Sur was formed when the north (now Ilocos Norte) split from the south (Ilocos Sur)
• The current boundary of the province was permanently defined through Act No. 2683 signed in March 1917
• Ilocos Sur


  • Home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites: the Heritage City of Vigan and the Baroque Church of Santa Maria
• Ylokos


  Region in northwest Luzon before the arrival of the Spanish
• Samtoy


  Ancient name for the Ilocos region, meaning "our language" in Ilocano
• Juan de Salcedo arrived in Vigan

  June 13, 1572
• Salcedo declared all of Northern Luzon an encomienda (land grant)
• Augustinian missionaries evangelized the region, establishing parishes and building churches
• Vigan became the seat of the Archdiocese of Nueva Segovia
• Partition of Ylokos


  1. Ilocos Norte separated from Ilocos Sur in 1818

  2. Ilocos Sur included northern La Union and present-day Abra

  3. Lepanto and Amburayan in Mountain Province annexed by Ilocos Sur

  4. Geographical boundaries defined by Act No. 2683 in 1917
• Vigan


  Almost four centuries old, once known as Kabigbigaan, founded in 1574 by Juan de Salcedo as the capital of Ylocos
• Vigan was the center of Malayan civilization before Salcedo's arrival
• Vigan traded with China, Japan, and Europe in the 19th century
• Caciquism, landlordism and usury


  Social institutions developed from the tenancy system bequeathed by Salcedo
• The kaillanes revolted against the aristocracy in 1762
• Vigan had two distinct sections for mestizos and naturales during the mid-19th-century indigo boom
• Migration from Ilocos Sur

  1. Sporadic revolts against free labor led some to leave for Abra and Cagayan Valley

  2. Surplus labor migrated to Hawaii and US West Coast plantations from 1908-1946
• Ilocos Sur's economic prosperity

  Cotton, tobacco and indigo industries encouraged in the first half of the 19th century<|>Textile industry developed with the Royal Company of the Philippines<|>Abolition of tobacco monopoly accelerated economic progress
• Revolts in Ilocos Sur

  1. Silang's Revolt (1762-1763) against babaknangs and alcalde-mayor of Vigan

  2. Basi revolt against government wine monopoly in 1807

  3. Isabelo Abaya's uprising in Candon in 1898
• Ilocos Sur rallied behind Emilio Aguinaldo in the 1896 Philippine Revolution
• Vigan was captured by the rebels and made Bishop's Palace their headquarters
• Mariano Acosta of Candon established a provincial revolutionary government on March 21, 1898
• Vigan was occupied by the U.S. 45th Infantry Division under James Parker on December 4, 1899
• Gregorio del Pilar died in the Battle of Tirad Pass on December 2, 1899
• Civil government established in Ilocos Sur on September 1, 1901, with Mena Crisólogo as the first provincial governor
• Japanese Imperial forces landed in Ilocos Sur on December 10, 1941
• The Battle of Bessang Pass was fought between Tomoyuki Yamashita's forces and the U.S. 21st Infantry in Cervantes
• There were numerous human rights violations documented in Ilocos Sur during the Marcos martial law era
• Camp Diego Silang held political prisoners during the Marcos era
• The Federation of Free Farmers (FFF) and Federation of Free Workers (FFW) fought for labor rights until Martial Law in 1972
• Some protesters opted for armed resistance against the Marcos dictatorship
• There was at least one camp in the province that held political Prisoners during the Marcos era - a "Camp Diego Silang"
• Organizations such as the Federation of Free Farmers (FFF) and Federation of Free Workers (FFW), sometimes supported by progressive elements of the Catholic Church, continued to fight for the labor rights of the poor until the 1972 declaration of Martial law made it illegal to peaceful protests
• Some of the frustrated protesters then opted to pursue an armed resistance against the dictatorship, many of whom only returned to peaceful life after the Marcoses were finally deposed by the civilian-led People Power revolution of 1986
• The most prominent protests and incidents of the period actually took place before 1972, and involved the Marcos administration's support for local strongmen rather than national controversies
• Bantay Incident


  The saka-saka (private army of Crisologo) assassinated a former mayor of Bantay in 1969, and then in May 1970, burned the villages of Ora Este and Ora Centro in retaliation for their residents' support for Crisologo's opponent Chavit Singson during the 1996 elections
• One elderly woman was killed in the Bantay blaze