MODULE 1

• Respiratory and circulatory systems work together to Transport nutrients, gases, and other molecules to the different parts of the body different parts of the body

  Respiratory and circulatory systems work together toTransport nutrients, gases, and other molecules to the different parts of the bodye different parts of the body different parts of the body
• Respiration


  The process where oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are exchanged among the cells, in the blood, and air in the lungs
• Trachea


  The tube that serves as the passage of air from the pharynx to the lungs, also known as the windpipe
• Lungs


  The main organ for gas exchange in the respiratory system
• Diaphragm


  Contracts during inhalation and relaxes during exhalation
• Lungs expand when we breathe in


  Air moves in
• Oxygen


  Necessary for cell growth and energy
• Pulmonary circulation


  Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta
• Blood from lungs to heart

  Bright red due to oxygen
• Oxygen absorption by blood

  Oxygen is transported by the blood for the cell to produce energy
• White blood cells


  Can fight bacteria or any foreign material that enters the body
• Bicuspid valve


  Found between the left atrium and left ventricle
• Circulatory system


  Responsible for pumping oxygenated blood throughout the body
• The right side of the heart is thicker than the left part of the heart
• Components that protect the human body against invading microorganisms

  • Red blood cells
  • White blood cells
  • Plasma
• Pulmonary arteries


  Carry deoxygenated blood
• We need to breathe to take in oxygen and take out carbon dioxide
• The air we breathe in goes through a pathway starting from the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
• The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus (SARS COV)
• The most targeted human body system by the coronavirus is the respiratory system
• The pathway of air through the respiratory system is: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
• The main function of the Respiratory System is to take in oxygen and take out carbon dioxide
• The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity and helps in the breathing process
• Bronchi are the two tubes that connect to the bronchioles of the left and right lungs from the trachea
• Bronchioles are tiny tubes that serve as a passageway of air from bronchi to the alveoli or air sacs
• Inhalation is the intake of air into the lungs through the expansion of the chest, and exhalation is the process of taking air out of the lungs through the contraction of the chest
• The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest and abdominal cavity and helps in the breathing process: inhalation and exhalation
• Nose or nasal cavity


  Moistens and filters the air using tiny hairs called cilia
• Bronchi


  Two tubes that connect the trachea to the bronchioles of the left and right lungs
• Bronchioles


  Tiny tubes that serve as a passageway of air from bronchi to the alveoli
• Alveoli


  Found in the lungs, where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occur
• Inhalation


  First stage in the process of breathing, intake of air into the lungs through the expansion of chest
• Exhalation


  Second stage where the air is taken out from lungs through the contractions of chest
• Diaphragm


  A dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest and abdominal cavity and helps in the breathing process: inhalation and exhalation
• Oxygenated blood


  Blood with a high concentration of oxygen
• Deoxygenated blood


  Blood with a low concentration of oxygen
• Oxygenated blood


  Transported from the lungs to the rest of the body
• Deoxygenated blood


  Transported from the body back to the lungs
• Veins


  Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart
• Arteries


  Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body