MODULE 1

• The purpose of this module is to help you understand better volcanic activities and its effect to the environment and to our lives
• Lessons in this module

  • Lesson 1 - Parts and types of volcanoes based on structure and activity
  • Lesson 2 - Active and inactive volcanoes
• Volcanoes


  • Discharge hot and dangerous gases, ashes, lava, and rocks that are violently destructive to properties and lives
  • It is important to understand the characteristics of volcano and learn how to protect yourselves from possible damages and risks it might bring to your lives
• After going through this module, you are expected to describe the different types of volcanoes and volcanic eruption
• Specific learning objectives

  • Describe the different types of volcano
  • Describe volcano and its parts and the types of volcano based on structure and activity
  • Differentiate between active and inactive volcanoes
  • Give examples of active and inactive volcanoes in the Philippines
• Mayon Volcano is located in the Philippines, it is an active volcano
• Taal Volcano erupted on January 12, 2020. The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) raised the alert level from 1-4 after the increasing volcanic activities
• Volcano


  A landform produced by the continuous movement of plate boundaries<|>A mountain that has an opening on the top and it is a rupture in the Earth's surface or crust that allows the hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape deep below the surface
• External parts of a volcano

  • Base
  • Flank
  • Crater
  • Summit
  • Lava flow
  • Ash cloud
• Internal parts of a volcano

  • Magma
  • Magma Chamber
  • Pipe
  • Vent
• Stratovolcano or Composite Volcano


  • Steep-sided slope
  • Symmetrical cones of large dimension
  • Built of alternating volcanic ash and lava flow
  • The crater is also the summit
  • Have multiple vents
  • 8,000 feet tall
  • Pressure build in the magma chamber
  • With thick or highly viscous lava
  • Violent eruptions
  • Grandest mountain
• Cinder Cone


  • Has single vent
  • Has an oval cone and bowl-shaped crater
  • 300- 1,200 feet tall
  • Have a crater at the summit
  • Violent eruption
  • Simplest volcano
• Shield Volcano


  • Broadest volcano (3-4 miles in diameter) and a huge volcano
  • 1500-2000 feet tall
  • Has gentle slope
  • Has a thin lava flow
  • Have multiple vents
  • Has flatter summit
  • Non-violent eruption
  • Quiet eruption
• Lava Dome Volcano


  • Has steeper side than shield volcano
  • Lava cannot flow very far because of too viscous to flow
  • Lava domes often form within the craters of stratovolcanoes
• The Philippines is found in the convergent boundary of the Eurasian plate, and the Philippine plate. It is surrounded by the colliding of plates and that result to the formation of volcanoes
• Active volcanoes in the Philippines

  • Mount Bagsak
  • Ambalatungan group
  • Mount Biliran
  • Mount Bulusan
  • Mount Didicas
• The Pacific ring of fire is the area where the most active or dangerous volcanoes are found. The Philippines is located in this area and has 24 active volcanoes
• Active volcano


  Volcano that has recorded history of eruption
• Inactive volcano


  Volcano that has no recorded history of eruption
• Active volcanoes in the Philippines

  • Mount Biliran
  • Mount Bulusan
  • Mount Didicas
• Inactive volcanoes in the Philippines

  • Mount Bagsak
  • Ambalatungan group
• The Pacific ring of fire is the area where the most active or dangerous volcanoes are found. The Philippines is located in this area and has 24 active volcanoes.
• Activity: Location of Active and Inactive Volcanoes in the Philippines

  1. Cut colored paper into triangular shape

  2. Red for active volcanoes, blue for inactive volcanoes

  3. Paste the colored triangular strips on the map using brown clay
• Where are the most active volcanoes found?
• Are those active volcanoes found in the same place? Why?
• From the table, which volcanoes had the most number, least number, and no record of eruptions?
• From the table, which are the active and inactive volcanoes? Why?
• Differentiate active and inactive volcano

  Active volcano has 1 or more historical eruption, inactive volcano has no historical eruption
• Classification

  • Active
  • Inactive
• Advantages and disadvantages of volcano
• Mount Hibok-Hibok and Mount Bulusan are inactive volcano
• Active volcano releasing steam, ash clouds are signs of possible eruption
• All active volcanoes are located in Luzon
• The Philippines is found in convergent boundary of Eurasian and Philippine plate
• PHIVOLCS monitors Inactive volcano only
• Marginal utility


  The additional utility (satisfaction) gained from the consumption of an additional product
• If you add up marginal utility for each unit you get total utility