MODILE 2

• The first module gave you an understanding of the different Ancient theaters: Greek theater, Roman theater, Medieval theater, Renaissance theater, Baroque theater, Neoclassical theater, and Romantic theater. You learned their evolutions, and you were able to distinguish their characteristics and certain influences to one another.
• In this particular learning module, you will be able to create an artwork to better understand the traditions and history of these particular art periods.
• The main topic for this module

  The different Western Classical Plays and Opera and their theatrical elements
• The first module gave you an understanding of the different Ancient theaters: Greek theater, Roman theater, Medieval theater, Renaissance theater, Baroque theater, Neoclassical theater, and Romantic theater. You learned their evolutions, and you were able to distinguish their characteristics and certain influences to one another.
• In this particular learning module, you will be able to create an artwork to better understand the traditions and history of these particular art periods.
• At the end of this module you, as a learner, are expected to:

  • Designs with a group the visual components of a school play (stage design, costume, props, etc.)
  • Assumes the role of a character as an actor/performance, or production staff (director, choreography, light designer, stage)
• After you go through this module, you are expected to:

  1. Design the visual elements and components of a selected Western classical theater and opera

  2. Choreograph the movement and gestures needed for the effective delivery of a selected piece from Western classical play and opera

  3. Improvise accompanying sound and rhythm needed for the effective delivery of a selected piece

  4. Perform in a group (showcase) a selected piece from classical play and opera
• Oedipus Rex


  One of Sophocles' most famous plays
• What you are expected to do at the end of this module

  • Design the visual elements and components of a selected Western classical theater and opera
  • Choreograph the movement and gestures needed for the effective delivery of a selected piece from Western classical play and opera
  • Improvise accompanying sound and rhythm needed for the effective delivery of a selected piece
  • Perform in a group (showcase) a selected piece from classical play and opera
• Sophocles

  • One of the three Athens' great playwrights
  • The younger contemporary of Aeschylus and the older contemporary of Euripides
  • Wrote 123 dramas
• Play

  Tragedy<|>Comedy<|>Satyr
• Sophocles' notable works

  • Oedipus Rex (Oedipus the King)
  • Trackers
  • Philoctetes
  • Trachinian Women
  • Ajax
  • Oedipus at Colonus
  • Electra
  • Antigone
• Greek theater


  • The theaters consisted of three main elements: the orchestra, the skene, and the audience
• Renaissance theater


  Characterized by a return of Classical Greek and Roman arts and culture
• Oedipus the King


  The plot is a structural marvel that marks the summit of classical Greek drama's formal achievements
• Medieval theater


  The theatrical plays revolved around biblical themes from the Story of the Creation to the Last Judgment
• Oedipus


  • The wise, happy, and beloved ruler of Thebes
  • Hot-tempered, impatient, and arrogant at times of crisis
• Baroque theater


  Characterized by grandiosity, i.e. costumes and sceneries were highly elaborate
• Neoclassical theater

  The theater was marked by the use of technology, i.e. used machines for special effects
• Romantic theater

  Melodrama and "operas" became the most popular theatrical forms
• Play, opera, musical

  • Dramatic
  • Emotional
  • Entertaining
• The plot of Oedipus the King

  1. Oedipus mistakenly believes he is the son of King Polybus

  2. Oedipus became the ruler of Thebes by rescuing the city from the Sphinx

  3. Oedipus killed an old man at a crossroads, who was actually King Laius

  4. Oedipus investigates to find Laius' killer, which leads him to discover the terrible truth about his own past

  5. Jocasta hangs herself and Oedipus blinds himself when he learns the truth
• Sophocles

  One of the three Athens' great playwrights, the younger contemporary of Aeschylus and the older contemporary of Euripides. Wrote 123 dramas.
• Costumes and staging of Oedipus Rex

  • Use of masks to advance the universality of the themes and dramatic impacts
  • Facial expression was not important as actors were always masked
  • Elevated stage with a platform in front near the audience
  • Men wore loose floor length ponchos with pleated shoulders, women wore draped robes
• Sophocles' notable works

  • Oedipus Rex (Oedipus the King)
  • Trackers
  • Philoctetes
  • Trachinian Women
  • Ajax
  • Oedipus at Colonus
  • Electra
  • Antigone
• Romeo and Juliet

  A Shakespearean tragedy about two sworn enemies who fall in love
• William Shakespeare


  • English poet, dramatist, and actor, often called the English national poet and considered by many to be the greatest dramatist of all time
• Oedipus the King


  • The play's main character, Oedipus, is the wise, happy, and beloved ruler of Thebes. Though hot-tempered, impatient, and arrogant at times of crisis, he otherwise seems to enjoy every good fortune.
  • Oedipus mistakenly believes that he is the son of King Polybus of Corinth and his queen.
  • Oedipus became the ruler of Thebes because he rescued the city from the Sphinx by answering his riddle correctly, and so was awarded the city's widowed queen, Jocasta.
  • Oedipus killed his true father, married his own mother, and begat children who are also his own siblings.
• Shakespeare's notable works

  • Romeo and Juliet
  • Hamlet
  • The Taming of the Shrew
  • Henry IV, Part 1
  • The Merry Wives of Windsor
  • King John
  • A Midsummer Night's Dream
  • The merchant of Venice
  • Henry IV, Part 2
  • Henry VI, Part 1
  • The Tempest
• The plot of Romeo and Juliet

  1. The two wealthy families, the Montagues and the Capulets, have an ongoing conflict

  2. Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet fall in love despite being sworn enemies

  3. Friar Laurence marries Romeo and Juliet

  4. Romeo kills Juliet's cousin Tybalt and is banished

  5. Juliet fakes her death to be with Romeo, but he doesn't receive the message and kills himself

  6. Juliet then kills herself when she sees Romeo dead

  7. The Capulet and Montague families vow never to argue again
• Costumes and staging of Oedipus Rex

  • Use of masks to advance the universality of the themes and the dramatic impacts of the events and to keep the audience from being distracted by the actual, physical attributes of the actors.
  • Facial expression was of no importance to Greek actors, since they were always masked.
  • The stage is elevated and has a platform in front near the audience.
  • Men wore loose floor length poncho with pleated shoulders while women wore draped robes.
• William Shakespeare


  English poet, dramatist, and actor often called the English national poet and considered by many to be the greatest dramatist of all time
• Costumes and staging of Romeo and Juliet

  • Costumes based on the style and design of dresses worn during the Renaissance period
  • Props may vary depending on the scene
  • The stage divided into three levels: main stage, upper canopied 'heaven' area, and lower 'hell' area
• William Shakespeare's notable works

  • Romeo and Juliet
  • Hamlet
  • The Taming of the Shrew
  • Henry IV, Part 1
  • The Merry Wives of Windsor
  • King John
  • A Midsummer Night's Dream
  • The merchant of Venice
  • Henry IV, Part 2
  • Henry VI, Part 1
  • The Tempest
• Carmen

  An opera by French composer Georges Bizet
• Georges Bizet


  • French composer whose realistic approach influenced the 'verismo' school of opera at the end of the 19th century
  • Notable works: Carmen, L'Arlesienne, Djamileh, Le Doctor Miracle, Symphony in C Major
• Romeo and Juliet

  • A tragic love story where the two main characters, Romeo and Juliet, are supposed to be sworn enemies but fall in love. Due to their families' ongoing conflict, they cannot be together, so they kill themselves because they cannot cope with being separated from one another.
  • The two wealthy families, the Montagues and the Capulets, have another brawl in the city of Verona. The Prince declares that the next person to break the peace will be killed.
  • Romeo Montague and his friends gatecrash a Capulet party and Romeo meets Juliet Capulet. They are shocked to discover they are sworn enemies due to their feuding families. Friar Laurence marries Romeo and Juliet.
  • Romeo gets into a fight with Juliet's cousin Tybalt and kills him. The Prince banishes Romeo.
  • Juliet fakes her death and lies in a tomb waiting for Romeo to come so they can run away together. Romeo thinks Juliet has actually died and drinks poison so he can be with Juliet in death. Juliet kills herself with his dagger when she wakes up to discover Romeo is dead.
• Props


  May vary depending on the scene
• Costumes and staging of Romeo and Juliet

  • The costumes are based on the style and design of dresses worn during the Renaissance period.
  • The stage itself has divided into three levels: a main stage area with doors at the rear and a curtained area at the back for 'discovery scenes', an upper canopied area called 'heaven' for balcony scenes, and an area under the stage called 'hell', which could be accessed through a trap door in the stage.
• Georges Bizet


  French composer whose realistic approach influenced the 'verismo' school of opera at the end of the 19th century