Chapter 6

• Quality manufactured product 


  The degree to which a product fulfills the requirements of the customer. It is not absolute but judged by comparing it to some standard.
• Quality


  • It may refer to the quality of the process (men, material and machines) and even that of management.
• Control


  The process through which standards are established and met with standards
• Inspection


  An important tool to achieve quality concept. It provides confidence to the manufacturer and aims to satisfy the customer.
• Quality Control


  A system used to maintain a desired level of quality in a product or service. It is the regulatory process through which actual quality performance is measured, compared with standards, and action is taken on the difference.
• market

  because of technology advancement, we could see many new products to satisfy customer wants
• money

  the increased global competition necessitates huge outlays for new equipment and process
• management

  the quality related responsibilities lie w/ persons at different levels in the organisation
• men

  the rapid growth in technical knowledge leads to development of human resource w/ different specialization
• motivation

  the responsibility of achieving quality w/ each individual in the organization w/ proper motivation techniques
• materials

  selection of proper materials to meet the desired tolerance limit is also an important consideration
• machines and mechanisation

  in order to have quality product w/c will lead to higher productivity of any organisation, we need to use advanced machines and mechanize various operations
• modern information methods

  help in storing and retrieving needed data for manufacturing, marketing, and servicing
• mounting product requirements

  product diversification to meet customer taste leads to intricacy design, manufacturing and quality standards
• inspection and test unit

  is responsible for appraising the quality of incoming raw materials and components
• Floor inspection

  the inspection is performed at the place of production
• centralized inspection

  inspection is carried in a central place w/all testing equipment
• combined inspection

  combination of two methods whatever may be the methods inspection
• functional inspection

  this system only checks for the main function the product is expected to perform
• first piece or first off inspection used where automatic machines are employed
• pilot piece inspection

  this is done immediately after new design or product is developed
• final inspection

  this is also similar to functional
• 100% inspection

  this type wil involve careful inspection in detail of quality at each strategic point or stage of manufacture
• sampling inspection

  in this method randomly selected samples are inspected
• According to Juran

  Quality control is the regulatory process through which we measure actual quality, compare it with standards and act on the difference
• Off-line quality control

  its procedure deal with measure to select choose controllable product and process parameters
• statistical process

  involves comparing the output of process or a service w/a standard and taking remedial actions in case of discrepancy between two
• Acceptance sampling plans

  determines the number of items to sample and the acceptance criteria of the lot