Cell cycle

• G1 phase - The cell grows in size and prepares for DNA synthesis in the S phase. The duration of the it varies among different cell types and can be influenced by various internal and external factors, such as growth factors, nutrient availability, and DNA damage.

  
• S phase - also known as the synthesis phase, is the second phase of the cell cycle. During this phase, the cell replicates its DNA and synthesizes histones, the proteins that package DNA into chromosomes.

  
• G2 phase - During this phase, the cell completes its preparations for cell division, including the synthesis of microtubules and other components of the mitotic spindle.

  
• M Phase - is the final stage of the cell cycle and is divided into two main events:

  • Mitosis is the process by which the nucleus divides into two identical daughter nuclei,
  • Cytokinesis is the physical separation of the two daughter cells. Two division of nucleus as it is essential for sexual reproduction and introduces genetic variation.