Separation Techniques

• element


  made up of only one type of atom
• compound


  two or more elements chemically bonded together
• mixture


  two or more elements/compounds which are not chemically bonded together
• pure substance


  sharp melting point

  no other substances mixed with it
• solution


  mixture of a liquid with a solid or gas

  all parts of the mixture are the same
• solute


  solid or gas that dissolves in a liquid
• solvent


  liquid in which a solid or gas dissolves in
• soluble


  can dissolve
• insoluble


  cannot dissolve
• solubility


  mass of solute that dissolves in 100g if water to make a saturated solution
• saturated solution


  greatest mass of solid that can dissolve
• filtration


  separating an insoluble solid from a liquid
• distillation


  separating the solvent from the solution
• chromatography


  separating dissolved substances from one another
• evaporation


  liquid turning into gas
• condensation


  gas into a liquid
• chromatogram


  filter paper used for chromatography
• distillation of salty water:

  1. water in the salt solution boils
  2. steam leaves the solution
  3. steam travels through the condenser and cools down
  4. steam condenses to form liquid water
  5. liquid water drip into the beaker