SCIENCE

• Blood type AB does not contain an O Allele, so it is not compatible with O blood.
• For a child to have type O blood (Genotype OO), they must inherit O allele from each parent, Therefore, both parents must carry at least one O allele.
• What are the blood types that does contain O allele?

  A and B
• Can have genotype AA or AO (where 'A' is dominant, and 'O' recessive)


  Type A
• Can have genotype BB or BO (where 'B' is dominant, and 'O' is recessive).


  Type B
• Has genotype AB (one A allele and one B allele, showing co-dominance).


  Type AB
• Has genotype OO (two recessive O alleles).


  Type O
• is a phenomenon that occurs when there is a relative motion between a wave source and an observer. This effect causes the observed frequency of the wave to change based on the velocity and direction of the source and the observer.

  The Doppler Effect
• Commonly experienced when a vehicle sounding a siren or horn approaches, passes, and recedes from an observer. The pitch of the sound appears to change due to the Doppler Effect.

  Sound Waves
• Seen in astronomy, where the light from stars and galaxies shifts in wavelength depending on their motion relative to Earth. This is known as redshift (when objects move away) and blueshift (when objects move closer).

  Light Waves
• Observable in waves on the surface of water, where the frequency of the waves changes as the source of the waves moves relative to an observer.

  Water Waves
• This includes radio waves, microwaves, and other types of electromagnetic radiation. The frequency of these waves can shift depending on the relative motion of the source and observer.

  Electromagnetic Waves
• Homologous recombination is a genetic process that involves the exchange of genetic material between two similar or identical DNA molecules.
• Major groups of Arthropods

  • Insects - have three body segments (head, thorax, abdomen) and typically six legs.
  • Arachnids - have two body segments (cephalothorax and abdomen) and eight legs.
  • Crustaneans - are primarily aquatic and have two pairs of antennae and appendages for swimming and feeding.
  • Myriapods - Including centipedes and millipedes. Myriapods have numerous body segments, each bearing one or two pairs of legs.
  • Chelicerates - Including horseshoe crabs and sea spiders.
• Athropoda are a diverse and highly successful group of invertebrate animals that belong to the phylum Arthropoda.


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• Arthropods are invertebrates with jointed legs. 
• Snails are not arthropods. They belong to the phylum Mollusca, specifically in the class Gastropoda. They are characterized by a soft body typically protected by a spiral shell.
• The noble gases have low boiling points because they have a full outer shell and are very stable.
• A solution with a pH of 12 is considered basic or alkaline.
• The scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH less than 7 is acidic, and a pH greater than 7 is basic.
• Examples of Physical Property that are not Chemical Change

  • Melting Ice
  • Freezing Water
  • Boiling Water
  • Condensation
  • Cutting Paper
  • Crushing Can
• Metallic character generally decreases across a row (from left to right) and increases down a column (group) of the Periodic Table.
• Elements on the right side of a period (e.g., nonmetals and metalloids) have more electrons in their outermost shells and tend to gain electrons, exhibiting non-metallic properties.
• Sources of Experimental Error?

  Instrumentation, human error, environmental conditions, sample variability.
• Types of Decomposers

  • Bacteria - They break down dead plants, animals, and other organic matter at a microscopic level.
  • Fungi - They break down complex organic compounds, such as lignin and cellulose, found in plant material.
  • Detritivores - are organisms that consume dead organic matter and contribute to decomposition by physically breaking down material. Examples include earthworms, millipedes, and certain types of beetles
• Importance of Decomposers

  • Nutrient Recycling
  • Soil Health
  • Ecosystem Balance
• Chewing food aids digestion by?

  Increasing surface area of the food
• Steps of scientific inquiry?

  Observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, analysis, conclusion.
• What is the most likely cause of constant fatigue and lack of energy in a person?

  Low hemoglobin
• What can trigger a tsunami? A. Undersea earthquakes

  B. Undersea landslides

  C. The eruption of an oceanic volcano

  D. All of these

  D. All of these.
• What is the term for the component of a solution that is present in lesser amount?

  Solvent
• In peas, if 50% of the offspring are short, and 50% are tall, the parents were probably __________?

  the parents were probably Tt (heterozygous tall) and tt (homozygous short).
• Dominant allele (T): Expressed when at least one copy is present.
• Recessive allele (t): Expressed only when two copies are present.
• Tall (T) is the dominant allele.
• Short (t) is the recessive allele.
• The Tt parent can produce two types of gametes: T and t.
• The tt parent can produce only one type of gamete: t.
• In a botanical research lab, you are working with two different pea plant varieties. One variety is known to be homozygous dominant for the tall trait (TT), and the other is homozygous recessive for the short trait (tt). You cross-pollinate these two varieties and plant the seeds.

  After the seeds grow, what will be the expected phenotypes of the pea plants?

  100% tall plants
• Homzygous


  A characteristic of an individual that has two identical alleles of a gene.