MIDTERM MIDYEAR

• Mandatory Requirements for a Drainage System


  • All pipe joints must be well fitted and tightly connected with each other to prevent leakage of fluid
  • The drainage pipe should be graded or inclined properly for a downward gravity flow of water towards the main sewer line or to the septic tank
  • The drainage pipe should be provided with adequate cleanout, accessible for repair in case of stoppage
  • The drainage system must be provided with ventilation pipe that will convey gases to the atmosphere where it can do no harm to human health
  • Except for water closet, each fixture shall be provided with suitable trap that will prevent back flow of gases
  • The drainage system must be vented, to avoid siphonage or back flow of the water seal
• Waste types

  • Solid Waste that is being discharged by water closet
  • Liquid Waste that are coming from various fixtures
• Drainage pipes

  • Soil Pipe - pipes that convey waste coming from water closet
  • Waste Pipe - any pipe that conveys waste from various fixtures other than water closet
• Air Gap


  The unobstructed vertical distances through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture, or other device and the flood level rim of the receptacles
• Back Flow


  The flow of water, or other liquid mixture or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water from any source, other than its intended source
• Back Siphonage


  The back flow of used contaminated or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due to a negative pressure in such pipe
• Battery of Fixture


  Any group of two or more similar adjacent fixtures which discharges into a common horizontal waste pipe or soil branch
• Bib


  Synonymous with faucet, cock, tap, plug, etc. the word faucet is preferred
• Blind Flange


  A flange that closes the end of a pipe. There is no opening for the passage of water
• Blow off


  A controlled outlet on a pipeline used to discharge water
• Branch


  Any part of piping system other than the main riser or stack
• Branch Interval


  The length of a soil or waste stack corresponding in general to Storey height, but in no case less than 2.40 meters within which the horizontal branches from one floor or Storey of a building are connected to the stack
• Branch Vent


  A vent connecting one or more individual vents with a vent stack or stack vent
• Calking


  Plugging an opening with oakum, lead or other materials, that are pounded into the place or opening
• Circuit Vent


  A branch vent that serves two or more traps, and extends from the front of the last fixture connection of a horizontal branch to the vent stack
• Continuous Vent


  A vertical vent that is a continuation of the drain to which the vents connects
• Combination Fixtures


  A fixture combining one sink and tray or two three compartment sin or tray on one vent
• Combination Waste and Vent System


  A specially designed system of waste piping embodying the horizontal wet venting of one or more sinks or floor drains by means of common waste and vent pipe adequately sized to provide free movement of an above the flow line of the drain
• Common Vent


  A drain from two or three fixture connected to a single trap. It is also called a dual vent
• Cross Connection


  Any physical connection between two otherwise separate piping system, one contains potable water, and the other from unknown or questionable safety, whereby, water may flow from one system to other direction flow depending on the pressure differential between two systems
• Dead End


  The extended portion of a pipe that is closed at one end permitting the stagnation of water or air therein
• Developed Length


  The Length along the center of the pipe and fitting
• Diameter


  Diameter of a pipe or tube refers to the nominal internal diameter (ID) of such pipe, except brass and copper tube where the term refers to the outside diameter (OD) of the pipe
• Drainage System


  Includes, all piping within the public or private premises that conveys sewage, rainwater, or other liquid waste, to a legal point of disposal It does not include the mains of the public sewer system private or public sewerage treatment disposal plant
• Dry Vent


  A vent that does not carry water, or water borne wastes
• Effective opening


  The minimum cross sectional area at the point of water supply discharges, measured for expressed in terms of diameter of a circle. If the opening is not a circle, the diameter of a circle that is equivalent to the cross sectional area (This applicable to air gap)
• Existing Work


  Shall apply to that portion of a plumbing system that has been installed and approved prior to the contemplated addition, alteration or correction
• Fixture Branch


  A pipe connecting several fixtures
• Fixture Drain


  The drain from the trap of a fixture to the junction of that drain with any other drain – pipe
• Fixture Supply


  A water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch
• Fixture Units


  A quantity in terms of which the load producing effects on the plumbing system of different kinds of plumbing fixtures are expressed on some arbitrarily chosen scale
• Fixture Unit Flow Rate


  The total discharge flow in gallons per minute of a simple fixture divided by 7.5 or 8 gallons that provides the flow rate of that particular plumbing fixture as a unit of flow. Fixtures are rated as multiple of this unit of flow
• Flood Level


  A device located inside the rank for the purpose of maintaining water level for effective flushing of the water closet
• Ferrule


  A metallic sleeve called or otherwise joined to an operating in pipe into which a plug is screwed that can be removed for the purpose of cleaning or examining the interior of the pipe
• Flush Valve


  A device located at the bottom of the tank for flushing water closets and similar fixtures
• Flushometer Valve


  A device which discharges a predetermined quantity of water to the fixtures for flushing purposes activated by direct water pressure
• Grade


  The slope or fall of pipe in reference to a fraction of an inch per foot length of pipe
• Group Vent


  A branch vent that perform its function for two or more traps
• Waste Pipe


  Smaller in size than the soil pipe, receives discharges from various plumbing fixtures like grease, lint, matches, hair, garbage, and other objectionable substances
• Horizontal Pipe


  Any pipe or fitting which makes an angle of more than 45° with the vertical