ORAL COM 2

• Aristotle's Model of Communication


  Focused on public speaking, speaker plays a very important role in influencing or persuading the audience
• Transactional Model


  Exchange of messages between sender and receiver, roles reverse, used for interpersonal communication
• Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication


  Introduces the concept of noise, message received may not be the same as message sent
• Shannon-Weaver Model

  • Contains 6 important features: Sender, Encoder, Decoder, Receiver, Channel, Noise
• Schramm Model of Communication


  Communication can only take place if there is an overlap between the field of experience of the participants
• Schramm Model

  • 6 elements: Source, Encoder, Message, Channel, Decoder, Receiver
• White's Model of Communication


  Communication is circular and continuous, without a beginning or end
• White's Model

  • 8 stages: Thinking, Symbolizing, Expressing, Transmitting, Receiving, Decoding, Feedbacking, Monitoring
• Berlo's Model of Communication


  Takes into account the emotional aspect of the message, follows the SMCR model (Source, Message, Channel, Receiver)
• Berlo's Model of Communication follows the SMCR model
• Source (S)


  Where the message originates
• Source


  • Should have communication skills like the ability to read, write, speak, and listen
  • Should have the right attitude towards the listeners, subject, and oneself
  • Must be knowledgeable about the topic and the audience's familiarity with it
  • Must consider the social system and culture of the audience
• Message (M)


  The content, from beginning to end
• Message


  • Must be accompanied by elements like gestures, facial expression or body language so that listeners will not lose interest
  • Must be properly structured in order to be conveyed clearly
• Code


  The means through which a message is sent and in what form (e.g. language, gestures, expressions, music)
• Channel (C)


  The five sense organs: hearing, seeing, touching, smelling, and tasting
• Receiver (R)


  The person who tries to understand what the sender is trying to convey (also called decoding)
• Berlo's model of communication takes into account the emotional aspect of the message
• Helical Model of Communication


  • Communication is a dynamic process that progresses as an individual gets older and their experience and vocabulary increases
• The Helical Model of communication was developed by Frank Dance in 1967
• The Helical Model presents the concept of time where the continuousness of the communication process is very important
• The speaker's tone is the attitude or emotion conveyed through voice.