In very simple terms, the battery pushes the current around a circuit. The current Transfers energy to the bulb. Once enough Energy has been transferred the bulb will start to glow.
Electricity is made of electrons moving
Electrons flow from negative to positive
Current flows from positive to negative
Current is the flow of charged particles ( electrons )
A cluster of charges is known as a coulomb.
Q = I x t
Charge (coulombs, C) = Current (amps, A) x Time (s)
V = E/Q
Potential Difference = Energy / Charge (C)
V = I x R
Potential Difference = Current (Amps) x Resistance (ohms)